Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is one of the stimulation methods to increase rock permeability. Hydraulic fracturing is commonly used in reservoir that have low permeability and wells which have a decline in production rate. In many cases, hydraulic fracturing show significant success which is marked by an increase in the production rates. In this paper, hydraulic fracturing will be conducted by observing the effects of pumping rates. A case example is taken from an oil well that has a low resistivity reservoir, which is HAP#532 well. This low resistivity causes the reservoir to have low permeability and small production rates. The scenario of hydraulic fracturing in HAP#532 well is done by using several different pumping rate sensitivity, start from 10 BPM, 20 BPM, and 30 BPM, as based on 15 BPM base case pumping rates to obtain the most optimal pumping rate. Therefore, it can be seen how much the effect of pumping rates on hydraulic fracturing. From three scenarios performed by using FracCADE and Prosper, author get the optimal pumping rate is 20 BPM. At this pumping rate, the fracture geometry obtained fracture half-length (Xf) is 213 ft, fracture height (hf) is 45.6 ft, fracture width (Wavg) is 0.56 inch, average permeability is 58.09 mD, and the production rate is 348 BOPD.
Highlights
In the past, most of reservoir targets were directed to good reservoir properties and produced through producing wells without treatment certainly
As time goes by and it is difficult to obtain a target reservoir with good characteristics, the exploitation of oil begins to start at the reservoir with bad characteristics, but has a large hydrocarbon content, which is the reservoir with low resistivity and low permeability value
The effect of the different pump parameters on hydraulic fracturing that performed in low resistivity reservoir was presented through this study using data from HAP#523 well
Summary
Most of reservoir targets were directed to good reservoir properties and produced through producing wells without treatment certainly. Only fracturing fluid is injected into the well to break down the formation and to create a pad. The fracturing fluid is mixed with sand/proppant in a blender and the mixture is injected into the pad/fracture. The effect of pump schedule was studied by many authors before, one of the author is Ciezobka [3] proposed a method of pumping hydraulic fracture stages in shale formation where the fluid pump rate is rapidly changed from the maximum rate, to some significantly lower rate, and rapidly increased back to original maximum rate. The author focuses on low resistivity reservoir that have low permeability and low readings on resistivity logs but have a large hydrocarbon content. The case study presented is the HAP#532 well located in West Java, Indonesia
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