Abstract
The effect of omeprazole, a clinically used proton pump inhibitor, alone or in combination with clarithromycin was evaluated against Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using a human alveolar macrophage model of infection. Omeprazole exhibited no significant effect on the growth of the two M. avium complex strains or on the mycobactericidal activity of clarithromycin against them. In contrast, omeprazole significantly promoted the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the anti-mycobacterial activity of clarithromycin against it in human alveolar macrophages. It was speculated that intracellular acidic milieu around M. tuberculosis might be one reason for the lower activity of clarithromycin in the treatment of human tuberculosis.
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