Abstract
AbstractFive phytochemicals with potential chemopreventive activity were tested to determine their antimutagenic effects toward the tobacco‐specific nitrosamine 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone (NNK) in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535. NNK at a concentration of 80 mM was metabolically activated by hamster liver microsomes. Three phytochemicals; capsaicin, diallyl sulphide and silymarin, exhibited antimutagenic activity toward NNK in a dose‐dependent manner. At the highest nontoxic concentration tested (0.5 mmole/plate), the inhibitory effect of capsaicin, diallyl sulphide and silymarin was 85%, 23% and 48%, respectively. D‐limonene and tannic acid were also tested but did not show antimutagenic activity toward NNK in TA1535. These results suggest that capsaicin, diallyl sulphide and silymarin inhibited the activation of NNK and indicate that further studies of the efficacy of these phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of NNK‐induced carcinogenesis are warranted.
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