Effect of Parasitic Coil Placed Between Tags and Table-Type Reader/Writers on Communication Performance of 13.56 MHz RFID System

Communication technology is constantly concerned by all sectors of the society, but also constantly facing more severe requirements and challenges. Short-range wireless communication technology is generated under the condition of continuous development of wireless communication technology, and slowly infiltrated into various industries and fields of the society, and achieved rapid development. As the technology of short distance wireless communication has its own characteristics and advantages, at present, it has become one of the hot topics. With the rapid development of China's social economy, the level of science and technology continues to improve, short-range wireless communication technology has also been widely used. Short distance wireless communication technology itself has great characteristics and advantages, so it has gradually become one of the topics of discussion and comparison in today's society. In this paper, combined with the real situation of short-range wireless communication technology so far, the general trend of short-range wireless communication and its integration development is briefly summarized, hoping to provide a more valuable reference for the future related theoretical research.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have been attracting increasing interest for supporting a new generation of ubiquitous computing systems with great potential for many applications. However, the communication paradigms in WSNs differ from the ones associated to traditional wireless networks, triggering the need for efficient wireless communication technology. Several wireless technologies have emerged ranging from short and medium distance. Bluetooth, ZigBee and Impulse Radio Ultra Wide Band (IR-UWB) are three popular short range wireless communications. Due to its various features and advantages (especially low power consumption and low complexity), IR-UWB is a very promising wireless communication technology for WSN. In this paper, we evaluate the main features and advantages of this new technology (IR-UWB) for WSN in terms of transmission time, data coding and power consumption compared to Bluetooth and ZigBee. To analyze and evaluate the main features and advantages of IR-UWB as an efficient short range wireless communication technology for WSN, we used MiXiM platform under OMNet++ simulator.

The digital transformation of healthcare is bringing the need to create health data exchange applications and Health Information Exchange (HIE) systems. The difficult part of designing these applications and systems is deciding which emerging technologies are worth investing for the purposes of data exchange. In this context, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Wi-Fi Direct, and Near Field Communication (NFC) are four short-range wireless technologies that are currently used for exchanging health data in various scenarios. Apart from the healthcare domain, from an application point of view, NFC is usually used in contactless payment systems, Wi-Fi Direct is designed for fast data transfer between devices, while Bluetooth and BLE are used for wireless connection to peripherals. In this paper, we provide a study of these widely used short-range wireless communication technologies and their protocols, evaluating their main features and behaviors in terms of various metrics, including the usability, transmission time and power consumption in the healthcare domain. The comparison presented in this paper can benefit application engineers in selecting an appropriate protocol for exchanging healthcare data.

In view of some environmental data acquisition devices have single sensor type, lack of stability, high cost, large energy consumption, awkward to use, this article designs a multi-channel data acquisition system with core chips of C8051F310 and CC1100, based on short-range wireless communication technology. It has the advantages of supporting multiple types of sensors, strong stability, low power, low cost, and easy to use. Including data acquisition principle of the different types of sensor, communication principle of node-to-node and node-to-PC are described in detail. It achieves data acquisition from five-channel different types of sensors, short-distance point-to-point wireless transmission, and real-time data display, warning, node setting on monitoring side.

A magnetic resonant loop antenna enhancing the operating distance by improving the wireless power transfer efficiency of 13.56MHz RFID system was proposed. The proposed resonant antenna consists of resonant coils arranged between source coil and device coil coupled to each of them. The effects of resonant coils were measured using a 13.56MHz RFID reader and tag system in addition to simulation using RF simulator. The measurement results from RFID reader and tag show that the maximum operating distance is increased by approximately 96% and amplitude of receiving voltage on the RFID tag antenna is increased by 18% thanks to the magnetic resonance loop antenna.

We propose a novel short-range wireless communications technology that uses quasi-static electric fields; it enables data communication between devices separated by up to 10cm via dielectric media at a speed of 10Mbps. It is considered to be a secure wireless technology since communication area is restricted to below about 10cm. To suppress electromagnetic radiation, we adopted a baseband transmission scheme in which the quasi-static electric field is directly modulated by 10BASE-T data signals. Since the spectra of the data signals are concentrated to below 20MHz, the amplitude of the electric field rapidly decreases outside the communication area. This contributes to enhancing security of the communications system. In this paper, we explain a basic principle of the short-range wireless communications technology. Since baseband data signals are carried by the quasi-static electric field, the quality of the communication is easily degraded by the existence of the earth ground. To isolate the communications system from the earth ground, we introduce a novel electro-optic sensor to receive the quasi-static electric field. With the electro-optic sensor, stable data communication is possible at 10Mbps via dielectric materials, such as a wooden table.

Short-range wireless communication technologies have been used in many security-sensitive smartphone applications and services such as contactless micro payment and device pairing. Typically, the data confidentiality of existing short-range communication systems relies on key-exchange then encryption mechanism, which is inefficient, especially for short communication sessions. In this work, we present AcousAuth, a smartphone empowered system designed for personal authentication. AcousAuth adopts the emerging friendly jamming technique from radio communication for data confidentiality and it features a seamless, faster, easier and safer user authentication process without the need for special infrastructure. Our system is intended to provide security assurances comparable to or greater than that of conventional authentication systems while offering the same user experience as inputing a password alone. AcousAuth provides a purely software-based solution to secure smartphone short-range communication without key agreement phase and it is potentially well suited for legacy mobile devices. Despite the computational restrictions and bandwidth of mobile device, our mobile application is able to maintain real-time performance.

In the last decade, the mobile phones are evolved from pure voice phone application to data communications, mobile computations, and entertainment. Mobile devices such as smart phones, pads, or the like gradually incorporate new wireless technologies. One of such new technology is Near Field Communication (NFC) which provides the simplicity and security communication. Near Field Communication (NFC) is a new short-range wireless communication technology that enabled contactless, safe and intuitive peer-to-peer communication between NFC-enabled devices. The advent of NFC has given rise to several interesting applications under short-range radio technology. Many literatures focus on discussing the information developing in NFC field. However, research which has empirically documented the link among NFC mobile services, business model and business strategy is scant. Therefore, the aim of this article attempts to explore the critical criteria of using NFC technology in NFC mobile services. This research involved the quantitative methods and qualitative methods. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaires was conducted through Structural Equation Modeling methodology and DEMATEL methodology in order to indicate the critical criteria based on the opinions of the users and the experts. Results of this study proposed TRAUM model by structural equation modeling methodology. The model was based on the users' opinions. In the emergence period, the promotion and education for the consumers, the service in convenience and security were necessary. The enterprise should also focus on the affection of the community because the community can enhance the acceptance and using willingness. The DEMATEL network relationship map based on the experts' opinions found security, authentication, capabilities of the partners, and service offering were the critical criteria of decision making. The two quantitative analyses obtained the consistent results that the enterprise should put more resource in the convenience, service offering, infrastructure, security, and provide the corresponding NFC environment. The infrastructure should be based on the service providing. This study applied the finding of TRAUM and DEMATEL network relationship map to discuss the business strategy of NFC mobile services. The study also took NFC-Micro SD technology as the case to discuss the NFC mobile payment services. The patent of NFC-Micro SD technology provides both the convenience and security for the consumers. It tallies with the results of the TRAUM model and DEMATEL methodology. To conclude, this study may be of importance in explaining the business model in NFC field, as well as proposing TRAUM model, the combination with the DEMATEL network relationship map to offer the holistic view of business strategy. TRAUM model provides the better explanation about the technology acceptance and mobile services. The analytic model and TRAUM can apply to evaluate the similar research fields, such as technology acceptance, technology product promotion, e-service, mobile services and so forth. The study provides the researcher and the enterprise with a better understanding of critical criteria and business strategy in order to improve the decision quality.

The Internet of Things, abbreviated as IoT, is a new networking paradigm composed of wireless and wired networks, geographically distributed and interconnected by a “secured” backbone, essentially, the Internet. It connects billions of heterogeneous devices, called Things, using different communication technologies and provides end-users, all over the world, with a variety of smart applications. IoT constitutes a new evolution for the Internet in terms of diversity, size, and applications. It also invites cybercriminals who exploit IoT infrastructures to conduct large scale, distributed, and devastating cyberattacks that may have serious consequences. The security of IoT infrastructures strongly depends on the security of its wired and wireless infrastructures. Still, the wireless infrastructures are thought to be the most outspread, important, and vulnerable part of IoT. To achieve the security goals in the wireless infrastructures of IoT, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of IoT attacks, their classification, and security solutions in such infrastructures. In this paper, we provide a survey of attacks related to the wireless infrastructures of IoT in general, and to the most used short-range wireless communication technologies in the resource-constrained part of IoT in particular. Namely, we consider Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and RFID wireless communication technologies. The paper also provides a taxonomy of these attacks based on a security service-based attack classification and discusses existing security defenses and mechanisms that mitigate certain attacks as well as the limitations of these security mechanisms.

Short-range wireless communication technologies have been used in many security-sensitive smartphone applications and services such as contactless micro payment and device pairing. Typically, the data confidentiality of the existing short-range communication systems relies on so-called “key-exchange then encryption” mechanism, which is inefficient, especially for short communication sessions. In this work, we present ${\ssb{PriWhisper}}$ —a keyless secure acoustic short-range communication system for smartphones. It is designed to provide a software-based solution to secure smartphone communication without the key agreement phase. ${\ssb{PriWhisper}}$ adopts the emerging friendly jamming technique from radio communication for data confidentiality. The system prototype is implemented and evaluated on several Android smartphone platforms for efficiency and usability. We theoretically and experimentally analyze the security of our proposed acoustic communication system against eavesdropping. In particular, we study the (in)separability of the data signal and jamming signal against blind signal segmentation (BSS) attacks such as independent component analysis (ICA). The result shows that ${\ssb{PriWhisper}}$ provides sufficient security guarantees for commercial smartphone applications and yet strong compatibilities with most legacy smartphone platforms. As an application, we also develop ${\ssb{AcousAuth}}$ —a novel smartphone-empowered system for personal authentication.

We analyzed 13.56 MHz RFID standards and obtained specifications of transmitting section and receiving section of the RFID reader. With these analyses, we proposed a multistandard 13.56 MHz RFID reader system. For supporting multistandard in 13.56 MHz RFID system, circuits for controlling modulation index and power emitted to the tag are added in transmitter. In order to accept to various response signal levels from the tag, a certain voltage is applied to the receiver after eliminating DC voltage at VGA input and internal reference voltage is set in comparator. From measurement using commercial tags and additional FPGA board, we can conclude that this transceiver chip is compatible with mentioned standards.

RFID is an automatic recognition technology, which uses wireless communication techniques. However, the communication performance of RFID is easily changed by metal, water and other surrounding environments. In this paper, we evaluate the magnetic field distribution at 13.56 MHz on a table type RFID reader with a parasitic coil and examine the reason why the parasitic coil affects communication performance.

In this work, we propose a novel design of equivalent antenna to capture the characteristics of the human induced current by 13.56 MHz RFID exposure. The proposed antenna model is loop-type antenna which consists of two perpendicular small circular loops. The proposed structure is a loop-type antenna that can sense the magnetic near fields. The proposed antenna model is verified by the comparison with the induced current in human body. The currents are measured by HI-3702 clamp-type induced current meter.

RFID system becomes one of the very useful tools for the management of the library. Using electromagnetic coupling, an RFID tag can get power supplier by a reader and communicate with it for data exchange. Because the RFID system enables non-contact communication, various services and applications including the management of a library catalogue are possible. However, because the system is affected easily by neighboring environment, the communication performance is low. In this paper, by using 13.56 MHz RFID system, we evaluate the resonant frequency of RFID tag and the communication distance between the reader and the target tag when some tags becoming as interference sources come close to each other, and show the possibility to expand the communication distance by using tags near the target tag.

Since RFID technology is developed, 13.56 MHz RFID system with its excellent performance is widely applied. 13.56MHz RFID system is a passive system. So the performance of the antenna directly affects the performance of the RFID system. The paper simply introduces the basic principle of 13.56MHz RFID system antenna. And by using HFSS, the paper can get some circuit parameters of the antenna, including the equivalent inductance, loss resistance and so on. Moreover, the paper analyze the relationship between the equivalent inductance and the wire width of the antenna and trace spacing. And the paper introduce the design and simulation of matching circuit.