Abstract
The effect of dispersed oxide phases of Y2O3-TiO2 type on the wear rate and the friction coefficient of the high-chromium martensitic 18Kh12V2 and ferritic 01Kh13V2 steels upon sliding friction in pair with the 40Kh12 steel has been studied. The structure of these materials has been analyzed by metallographic and electron-microscopic methods. It has been shown that the presence of about 0.5% dispersed oxide particles, including nanosized ones, in the structure of the ferritic 01Kh13V2 steel exerts a complex influence on the wear resistance of this steel. Upon dry friction under the conditions of adhesive wear, the 01Kh12V2 steel alloyed with oxides is characterized by a low wear resistance. It is caused by an increased brittleness of the steel, which activates the processes of seizure and deep tearing at the friction surface of the steel. In the case of lubricated friction (boundary friction regime), dispersed oxide phases exert a great positive influence on the wear resistance of the steel. The wear rate of the oxide-strengthened ferritic steel in this case is about twice as low as that of the steel nonalloyed with oxides. It is caused by the formation of numerous pores in the surface layer of the alloyed steel in place of spalled oxides. The formation of pores helps better retention of a lubricant in the friction zone (the effect of self-lubrication), which decreases the probability of adhesive inter-action between the contacting steel surfaces. It has been found out that the alloying of a high-chromium martensitic 18Kh12V2 steel with a small amount (∼0.3%) of oxides of the Y2O3 + TiO2 type does not exert a noticeable influence on the tribological properties of the steel under consideration. The oxide phase does not affect noticeably the magnitude of the friction coefficient of the steels tested.
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