Abstract
A simple model is presented to account for the effect of martensitic nucleation in ZrO2 particles on theoretical predictions of toughness enhancement during transformation toughening. The model allows for shear and volumetric strain contributions during nucleation, whereas only volumetric strain contributes to toughness enhancement. It is predicted that toughness enhancement results for both stationary and growing cracks. The predicted toughness enhancement exceeds the theoretical prediction for the case when only volumetric strain is allowed to operate. The important material property is identified to be the ratio of volumetric to shear strain during nucleation of the martensitic product in the transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic symmetry of the ZrO2 particles.
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