Abstract
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) and its solvent extracts are being used across the world for their strong anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity attributed to their naturally occurring phytochemicals. The loading of nutmeg oleoresin in a matrix of gum arabic and sorghum starch (native and OSA modified) in different ratios is achieved in this study through microencapsulation by using a spray drying method. Morphological and chemical changes after modification of starch are analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. Both native and modified sorghum starch granules are found to be polygonal and spherical in shape. The bioactive extracts from the microcapsules are analyzed for DPPH radical scavenging activity, phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antimicrobial activity. Extracts from the nutmeg microcapsules comprised of gum arabic and OSA modified sorghum starch possess excellent bioactive functional properties as compared to native sorghum starch. The samples comprised of gum arabic and starch (native and OSA modified) in the ratio of (75:25) and (50:50) show excellent antioxidant activity and high retention of phenolic and flavonoid content after 60 days of storage. All the bioactive extracts show antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus.
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