Abstract
The prevalence of atopic disease has steadily increased during the past half century, reaching epidemic proportions in the last several years. The underlying cause is unknown but is likely due to a complex interaction of many factors. 1 Priftis K.N. Mantzouranis E.C. Anthracopoulos M.B. Asthma symptoms and airway narrowing in children growing up in an urban versus rural environment. J Asthma. 2009; 46: 244-251 Crossref PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar , 2 Kang B.C. Johnson J. Veres-Thorner C. Atopic profile of inner-city asthma with a comparative analysis on the cockroach-sensitive and ragweed-sensitive subgroups. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993; 92: 802-811 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (97) Google Scholar , 3 Martino D. Prescott S. Epigenetics and prenatal influences on asthma and allergic airways disease. Chest. 2011; 139: 640-647 Crossref PubMed Scopus (178) Google Scholar , 4 Dunstan J.A. Mori T.A. Barden A. et al. Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy modifies neonatal allergen-specific immune responses and clinical outcomes in infants at high risk of atopy: a randomized, controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003; 112: 1178-1184 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (432) Google Scholar , 5 Martinez F.D. Cline M. Burrows B. Increased incidence of asthma in children of smoking mothers. Pediatrics. 1992; 89: 21-26 PubMed Google Scholar The increase seems to follow a geographic pattern of industrialization and is inconsistent with an underlying genetic cause. Because the prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other inflammatory disorders has increased in parallel with that of atopic disease, we hypothesize that nutritional intake is also influencing the development of allergic sensitization. [6] Watson P.E. McDonald B.W. Subcutaneous body fat in pregnant New Zealand women: association with wheeze in their infants at 18 months. Matern Child Health J. 2013; 17: 959-967 Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar Because it has drastically changed during the past 20 years, the consumption of dietary fatty acids has been studied as a cause of many of these inflammatory disorders; however, the effect on the development of atopic disease remains unclear.
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