Abstract
In this work, we evaluated the effect of a low magnetic field on the deposition of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on different metallic substrates. The substrates studied were titanium and BIOLINE stainless steel SS316LVM with and without Ta and TaN/Ta coatings. Before deposition, the uncoated Ti and SS316LVM substrates were treated with alkali to improve the adhesion of the films prompted to be formed. Next, all substrates (coated and uncoated) were immersed in stimulated body fluid (SBF) at physiological conditions of 37 °C, pH = 7.4, in the presence of magnetic fields from 0.15 T and 0.22 T for 7, 10, and 14 days. The formed films were characterized using SEM, FTIR, and the contact angle. Ti and SS316LVM substrates presented Ca/P relations closer to the stoichiometric HAp. It was demonstrated that in both coatings, Ta and Ta/N, an increase of the bioactivity was obtained. Additionally, our results showed that the application of magnetic fields has a significant effect on the increment in the mass:area ratio of HAp. Finally, the contact angle values were lower than 90°, showing an increase in hydrophilicity with respect to the metallic substrates.
Highlights
Every year, more than 2.2 million people worldwide require prosthetics or bone grafting due to accidents, trauma, or degenerative diseases, which generates an increasing demand for new technologies for implant fabrication [1]
The deposition on titanium showed the typical bands of calcium phosphate and an additional symmetric vibration of the phosphate at 960 cm−1 [34] after immersion up to 14 days
The HAp deposits on both Ti and SS316LVM substrates showed a characteristic morphology with Ca/P ratios of 1.69 and 1.63, respectively, which is characteristic of non-stoichiometric
Summary
More than 2.2 million people worldwide require prosthetics or bone grafting due to accidents, trauma, or degenerative diseases, which generates an increasing demand for new technologies for implant fabrication [1]. Metallic orthopedic prosthetic implants are made principally of stainless steel (SS), titanium (Ti), and titanium-magnesium alloys, due to their mechanical resistance and inert characteristics. The lack of interaction between the metallic implants and bone tissue avoids the integration of the first with the surrounding hard tissue, with long-term consequences such as anomalies related to foreign-body rejection and corrosion [2]. Titanium a + ß type Ti-6Al-4V ELI has been used in orthopedic applications because it has biocompatibility and a relatively low modulus of elasticity [3]. Titanium has excellent physical and mechanical properties, such as tensile and fatigue strength, low density, and good corrosion resistance; these are the advantages of titanium as an implant material [4].
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