Effect of hard-disk drive spindle motor vibration on dynamic microwaviness and flying-height modulation

Abstract

In order to achieve higher recording densities up to 1 Terabit per square inch using conventional magnetic recording technologies, the recording slider will need to be physically spaced very close to the rotating disk, possibly via the use of an air-bearing surface. However, as the recording slider is flying at such ultra-low spacing of few nanometers over a high-speed rotating disk, it is experiencing disturbances from various different sources and of a wide frequency range. These disturbances may cause the recording slider to vibrate significantly, a condition known as flying-height modulation (FHM), which may result in data loss and possibly head–disk interface failure. A significant source of slider excitation is due to low frequency surface topographical features of the rotating disk, termed dynamic microwaviness. Dynamic microwaviness is a dynamic property of the disk and differs from regular topographical microwaviness, which is a static property. Most research works on dynamic microwaviness and FHM have been focused at the component level, using somewhat idealized conditions, such as high performance air-spindle motors that exhibit very low vibration amplitudes. In this paper, actual hard-disk drive spindle motors are used to investigate the effect of spindle motor vibration on dynamic microwaviness and FHM. It is found that there is a clear connection between spindle motor vibration and dynamic microwaviness that affects FHM.