Abstract
The paper presents the impact of high temperature on concrete with glass bead and zeolite in its mixture. It is desired to reduce the concrete surface temperature when it is exposed to high temperature. In this study, different range of proportions of glass beads (%10, %20, %30) and zeolite (%10, %30) were added into the C30/37 strength class concrete as a fine aggregate and Portland cement, respectively. Surface temperatures of concrete samples were measured when concrete was under about 3000°C flame for a short time. It was determined that, using glass bead and zeolite together in concrete reduces surface temperature significantly under high temperature. The study presented herein provides important results on regulating concrete mixture if there is any risk to be exposed to high temperature. The study presented herein provides important results on regulating concrete mixture if there is any risk to be exposed to high temperature. The main research question is “Is it possible to reduce surface temperature of concrete when it is exposed to very high temperature by using glass bead and zeolite in concrete mixture”. 10 different types of concrete mixtures were designed to study the effects of concrete and zeolite on compressive strength and surface temperatures of concrete. It was determined that using glass bead as a fine aggregate and zeolite, significantly affects concrete surface temperature and temperature differences of both sides when concrete is exposed to very high temperature. Using glass bead and zeolite in concrete for fire resistance hasn’t been searched before. In this study it was determined that it is possible to get lower surface temperatures by using glass bead and zeolite in concrete mixture. The ideal proportion was %20 for glass bead and %30 for zeolite in the mixture to obtain lowest surface temperatures and meet the compressive strength requirements. These types of mixtures can also be examined for concrete pavements to get lower temperature gradients in summer and obtain less thermal cracking on concrete road.
Highlights
Many cases of fires taking place in buildings, tunnels and drilling platform structures
It was determined that using glass bead and zeolite, significantly affects concrete surface temperature and temperature differences of both sides
When zeolite (%30 by total weight of cement) was added into mixtures with glass beads (%10, 20, 30 by total weight of aggregate), the surface temperature differences decreased from 8.3°C to 5.8°C; 3.6°C to 3.1°C; 3.0°C to 2.9°C, respectively
Summary
Many cases of fires taking place in buildings, tunnels and drilling platform structures. Concrete generally provides the best fire resistance properties of any building material [2] This is due to its low thermal conductivity, high heat capacity and slower strength degradation with temperature. This slow rate of heat transfer and strength loss enables concrete to protect itself from fire damage. The behavior of a concrete structural member exposed to fire is dependent on thermal, mechanical and deformation properties of concrete. These properties vary as a function of temperature and depend on the composition characteristics of concrete. The increase in temperature results in water evaporation, C-S-H gel dehydration, calcium hydroxide and calcium aluminates decomposition
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