Abstract
Plain Language SummaryStudies investigating the complex interplay between frailty and renal outcome are limited. This prospective observational cohort study of older adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) showed that each point increase of frailty phenotype was significantly associated with a 28% increased risk of composite renal outcomes, defined as renal function decline or dialysis initiation. In addition, frailty was associated with a significantly higher risk of secondary outcomes, including emergency room visits and all-cause mortality and hospitalization, except for major adverse cardiovascular events with borderline significance. The results were consistent across subgroups and competing for risk analyses. Our findings showed that the frailty phenotype is a useful tool for older adult patients with CKD and highlighted the need for future research into anti-frailty management for potential renal and cardiac protection.
Published Version
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