Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) has been a potentiator for the exploration of antibiotics. Nano drug delivery systems have opened new avenues to overcome this challenge. Although antibacterial nanocarriers are extensively realized, their effect on the bacteria residing inside the tissues and their toxicity is rarely explored. This study investigated the effects of flavonoid coated gold nanoparticles (FAuNPs) on the colonization of Enterococcus faecalis in the mouse liver and kidneys. Flavonoids were extracted from the leaves of Berberis lycium Royle and used to stabilize gold following a green synthesis approach. FAuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). FAuNPs showed significantly higher reduction in bacterial counts in in-vitro and in-vivo in mice organs as compared to the free flavonoids owing to their biocompatibility and effectiveness.
Highlights
Functional nanoparticles (NPs) have a wide range of medical applications that encompasses a broad spectrum of fields, including imaging, molecular diagnosis, and targeted drug delivery [1,2]
Gold nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin [10,11], vancomycin [12], and lysozyme [13] have been reported against various strains, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, and multidrug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus
It is well assumed that NPs carrying antibiotics are found to be quite effective against resistant bacteria [48]
Summary
Functional nanoparticles (NPs) have a wide range of medical applications that encompasses a broad spectrum of fields, including imaging, molecular diagnosis, and targeted drug delivery [1,2]. As drug nanocarriers, they move inside the body to repair damaged tissues, cross the cell barriers, and access those cells and tissues where other drugs/antibodies cannot reach in appropriate concentrations [2]. Various stable complexes of antibiotics with colloidal gold have been developed These include gold complexes with vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and fluorouracil [4,5,6]. Gold nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin [10,11], vancomycin [12], and lysozyme [13] have been reported against various strains, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, and multidrug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus
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