Abstract
The poultry reservoir, especially broiler meat, is generally recognized as one of the most-important sources for human Campylobacteriosis. The measures to control Campylobacter targeted essentially the primary production level. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments against natural Campylobacter colonization in a French experimental farm of free-range broilers during the whole rearing period. Five commercial products and a combination of two of them were tested and all the products were added to feed or to water at the dose recommended by the suppliers. Campylobacter loads in caeca and on carcasses of broilers at the slaughter were determined by culture methods. Natural contamination of the flock occurred at the end of the indoor rearing period between day 35 and day 42. At day 42, the multispecies probiotic added to the feed reduced the contamination of 0.55 log10 CFU/g (p = 0.02) but was not significant (p > 0.05) at the end of rearing at day 78. However, another treatment, a combination of a cation exchange clay-based product in feed and an organic acid mixture (formic acid, sodium formate, lactic acid, propionic acid) in water, led to a slight but significant reduction of 0.82 ± 0.25 log10 CFU/g (p = 0.02) compared to the control group at day 78. Testing this combination in field conditions in several flocks is needed to determine if it is biologically relevant and if it could be a valuable measure to reduce Campylobacter in broiler flocks.
Highlights
Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported zoonosis in the EU since 2005 and 229 213 confirmed cases were reported in 2015 (European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [ECDC], 2016)
In Europe, the mean prevalence of Campylobacter in primary poultry production is very high, up to 70% of broiler batches being contaminated with large differences ranging between 2 and 100% observed between countries (European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], 2010a)
The free-range rearing conditions bring together several of the known risk factors favoring Campylobacter colonization in broilers with for example the contact of the birds with an open environment and the age of the birds at slaughter (Huneau-Salaün et al, 2007; Newell et al, 2011)
Summary
Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported zoonosis in the EU since 2005 and 229 213 confirmed cases were reported in 2015 (European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [ECDC], 2016). Additives against Campylobacter in Free-Range Broilers recognized as one of the most-important source for human campylobacteriosis (European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], 2010b). In Europe, the mean prevalence of Campylobacter in primary poultry production is very high, up to 70% of broiler batches being contaminated with large differences ranging between 2 and 100% observed between countries (European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], 2010a). To date, no criteria have been established in the European legislation for Campylobacter spp. load in foodstuffs, and a preventative approach is considered. According to the study of Romero-Barrios et al (2013), reducing Campylobacter spp. loads by 3-log in broilers’ gut would reduce the public health risk by at least 90%
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