Abstract
The dependence of a switching current in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ferroelectric ceramics on the temperature and an applied electrical field was investigated. It was found that temperature has a moderate contribution to the switching current values, but applied electric fields have significant effects on the values. Importantly, a relaxation of switching current on frequency was observed through this method. By a comparison investigation on PZT ceramics of different compositions non- 18 0 ∘ domain switching was found to be responsible for the relaxation. A function, the ‘active potential of domains’ was proposed to interpret the observed results from the viewpoint of energy. The results obtained provide a new understanding of domain process in ferroelectric ceramics that relaxation of domains is a collective motion of non- 18 0 ∘ domains.
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