Abstract
Nanoscaled (Ba 2/3 Sr 1/3 )Ti 1+x O 3 powders have been prepared by sol-gel technique. Their phase evolution and densification behaviors have been studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and high temperature dilatometer, respectively. It is found the addition of 2 mol%-excess amount of TiO 2 lowers the activation energy required for the formation of the perovskite phase by about 130 kJ/mol and thus lowers the crystallization temperature or BST powders. However, the excess amount of TiO 2 makes the nano-powder difficult to sinter. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that a metastable nano-porous layer has formed on the surface of TiO 2 -excess nanopowder and this may account for the slow densification rate.
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