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Abstract
The effect of ethanol extracts of boiled Treculia africana seed on the oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), lipid profile, and body weight of normoglycemic albino rats was determined. Fifteen male albino rats were used and were divided into three groups of five rats each. Groups 1 and 2 received 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract, while group 3 (control group) received 1 ml/kg of normal saline. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The body weights of the rats were determined daily. OGTT was determined at week zero (before extract administration) and at weeks 2 and 4, respectively, following extract administration. Glycemic index (GI) of the extracts was calculated from the incremental area under the OGTT curve. The total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels in the sera of the rats were determined using standard techniques. Atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CRI) of the rats were expressed as ratios of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol and total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol, respectively. Following 2 weeks of the extract administration, the blood glucose for groups 1 and 2 rats declined to values ≤100 mg/dl after oral glucose loading. GI for the standard rat feeds and the extracts at 100 and 200 mg/kg by the second week of experimentation were 100, 114, and 96.09, respectively. GI for the extract at 100 mg/kg decreased to 103.63 at the 4th week, while that for the extract at 200 mg/kg increased to 98.07. The extract at 100 mg/kg increased the LDL cholesterol, AI, and CRI of the rats, suggesting that consumption of boiled African breadfruit may expose an individual to the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases. Finally, the study suggested that consumption of T. africana seed by a nondiabetic subject may have no effect on the glucose tolerance of the individual, while it will negatively impact on the glycemic status of a diabetic subject.
Highlights
Uncontrolled increase in postprandial glucose concentration is associated with greater risks of developing metabolic disorders, typically diabetes mellitus
The findings of this study which indicated that the oral glucose tolerance levels of groups 1 and 2 rats administered the ethanol extracts of T. africana for 2 weeks declined to values ≤100 mg/dl suggest normal tolerance to glucose following administration of the extracts at the doses used in this study
This finding leads us to suggest that consumption of T. africana by a nondiabetic subject may have no effect on the glucose tolerance of the individual, while it will negatively impact on the glycemic status of a diabetic subject
Summary
Uncontrolled increase in postprandial glucose concentration is associated with greater risks of developing metabolic disorders, typically diabetes mellitus. The acetyl-CoA cannot be readily utilized as the availability of oxaloacetate is reduced and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity is sluggish. This gives rise to the channeling of excess acetyl-CoA to the pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, leading to hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia. These conditions are characterized by elevated levels of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (Muruganandan, Srinivasan, Gupta, Gupta, & Lal, 2005). Information on the effect of consumption of processed T. africana seed on the lipid profile of humans or animals is missing in literature. | 905 high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, and triacylglycerol) and body weights of normoglycemic rats
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