Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the surface physicochemical properties of Ti6Al4V alloy after etching with a piranha’s solution at temperatures of 25 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C for 30 min. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, optical profilometry, X-ray diffraction, and wettability analyses were used to characterize the surface of the samples. In addition, corrosion tests were performed using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The proposed surface treatment did not alter the wettability and surface chemistry (crystallinity), but the texture, surface roughness, superficial area, and corrosion resistance of the alloy could be changed by varying the etching temperature. Considering that these properties are indirect indicators of the alloy’s potential success in the osseointegration of a dental implant, the surface treatment of the Ti6Al4V alloy using a piranha solution while controlling the etching temperature has attractive biomedical applications.
Highlights
Titanium and its alloys are among the most biocompatible metallic materials
The polished Ti6Al4V samples were immersed in the freshly prepared solutions and etched for 30 min at three different temperatures: 25 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C; three different conditions were obtained for the physicochemical analysis
The control sample (Fig. 1a) was flat and the treated samples showed peaks and valleys depending on variations in the etching temperature (Fig. 1b–d)
Summary
Titanium and its alloys are among the most biocompatible metallic materials They possess outstanding mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance, and low density (4.42 g/cm3), which provide them with very high strengthto-weight ratios[1]. To achieve enhanced bone implant contact, various methods have been developed to create micro- and nanosurfaces, including blasting, acid etching, anodization, and plasma spraying[7,8]. Many of these treatments are interconnected, and it is almost impossible to control the surface topography without affecting other characteristics of the material, such as wettability and corrosion resistance; these characteristics must be evaluated[9]
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