Abstract
Problem statement: Organochlorine pesticide endosulfan is widely used as a replacement for DDT and dieldrin in many parts of the world. Pr esence of residual pesticides in the water, air and soil environment was confirmed since 1960s. Such Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are of concern because of their long-term subtle effects on hormon es, the immune system and reproduction. Therefore, it becomes imperative to develop indigen ous technologies for remediation of endosulfan in contaminated water and contaminated sites. Comparison to conventional pesticide removal techniques, biosorption is a kind of promising technique that c an accumulate organic and inorganic matter from aqueous solution. The presence of exogenous compounds might shows significant influence on the performance of biosorption/adsorption process and i t may become necessary to perform certain pretreatment to diminish their impacts. Approach: The effects of pH, size of biosorbent, ionic strength, presence of inorganic substances such as calcium ion, magnesium ions, chloride ions, fertilizers and presence of organic substances such as dissolved organic matter, surfactant and other pesticides on biosorption of endosulfan onto biosor bent prepared from fungal culture Aspergillus Nidulans (ANS) was investigated in this study. Results: The removal efficiency was more for fine biosorbent particles. Maximum removal of endosulfan was observed at pH 6.4 and no significant effect was found with variation of ionic strength. The pre sence of chloride, magnesium and calcium ions and surfactant did not affect the removal significantly . The presence of fertilizers such as Urea and Sing le Super Phosphate did not affect the removal efficien cy significantly. Background dissolved organic matter (as humic and polyacrylic acids) was found a ffecting the removal efficiency of endosulfan significantly. Both the co-sorbents viz. atrazine a nd monocrotophos almost equally hindered the sorption capacity of ANS biosorbent for the biosorp tion of endosulfan. Conclusion: Exogenous parameters played an important role in removal effi ciency of endosulfan during the biosorption process by ANS biosorbent. There is a need for pretreatment in order to design integrated endosulfan biosorpti on treatment with concern of the substances present al ong with endosulfan in water environment.
Highlights
A highly controversial agrichemical colorless solid endosulfan is an organochlorine compound used as an insecticide and acaricide on cotton crops, field crops such as paddy, sorghum, oil seeds and pulses, as well as vegetables and fruit crops (Goswami et al, 2009)
The presence of these elements alternative method to overcome the constraints of may shows significant influence on the performance of convention methods. Biological method such as biosorbent and it may be necessary to perform certain biosorption is an attractive and promising alternative pretreatment to diminish their impacts. It becomes which accumulate organic and inorganic matter necessary to evaluate the interference caused in including metal, dyes, phenols and pesticides and offers biosorption of endosulfan due to the presence of potential advantages such as low operating cost, organic and inorganic substances in natural water in minimization of chemical or biological sludge order to design integrated sorption treatment with (Ahluwalia and Goyal, 2007; Maurya et al, 2006)
There was no significant effect found on endosulfan biosorption in acidic and basic range of pH compare to medium neutral pH
Summary
A highly controversial agrichemical colorless solid endosulfan is an organochlorine compound used as an insecticide and acaricide on cotton crops, field crops such as paddy, sorghum, oil seeds and pulses, as well as vegetables and fruit crops (Goswami et al, 2009). Many researchers reported that the the removal of pesticides are found to be either presence of certain inorganic and organic substances uneconomical or insufficient (Gupta et al, 2002; Kiso had influence on removal efficiency during a et al, 2001; Jury et al, 1984) It becomes biosorption/adsorption process (Alam et al, 2002; essential to search for effective and economical Maurya et al, 2006). Biological method such as biosorbent and it may be necessary to perform certain biosorption is an attractive and promising alternative pretreatment to diminish their impacts It becomes which accumulate organic and inorganic matter necessary to evaluate the interference caused in including metal, dyes, phenols and pesticides and offers biosorption of endosulfan due to the presence of potential advantages such as low operating cost, organic and inorganic substances in natural water in minimization of chemical or biological sludge order to design integrated sorption treatment with (Ahluwalia and Goyal, 2007; Maurya et al, 2006). Filtrate was extracted by n-Hexane as prescribed earlier and collected for GC analysis in teflon sealed
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