Abstract
This study investigated the Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin alone or with diclofenac sodium in adult Japanese quails. The quails divided into two groups, the first group was dosed intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of ciprofloxacin, the second group was injected by 50 mg/kg of ciprofloxacin intraperitoneally then directly injected intraperitoneally by diclofenac sodium at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. Plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin were determined by the spectrophotometer at wavelength 290 nm. Co-admiration of ciprofloxacin with diclofenac lead to appearing ciprofloxacin in plasma at 12.02, 6.4, 5.3, 3.30, 1.36, 0.60 μg/ml in the periods of 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours post-injection. A significantly increased in the concentration of ciprofloxacin at times of 0.25, 0.50, 1, and 2 hours post-injection and appeared at a concentration of 6.96, 3.09, 2.2, and 0.72 μg/ml. The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin when given with diclofenac sodium was represented by 91% decrease in elimination constant rate, 53% decrease in elimination half-life t1/2, 64% decrease in volume of distribution to steady-state, 22% decrease in clearance, 28% increase area under curve, 41% decrease in area under moment curve, 53% decrease in mean residence time and 37% increase in maximum plasma concentration. Our study concludes that co-administration of ciprofloxacin with diclofenac sodium lead to alteration in some pharmacokinetic data of ciprofloxacin like effect on the plasma concentration and volume of distribution and clearance. This effect must be considered when therapy by ciprofloxacin with diclofenac, the co-administration of diclofenac with ciprofloxacin decrease the elimination of ciprofloxacin
Highlights
Ciprofloxacin belongs to Fluoroquinolones its molecular formula is C17H18FN3O3, it's an antibiotic with a broad spectrum, the mechanism of its action is inhibiting DNA gyrase and a type II topoisomerasen [1]
The quails divided into two groups, the first group was dosed intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of ciprofloxacin, the second group was injected by 50 mg/kg of ciprofloxacin intraperitoneally directly injected intraperitoneally by diclofenac sodium at a dosage of 5 mg/kg
The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin when given with diclofenac sodium was represented by 91% decrease in elimination constant rate, 53% decrease in elimination half-life t1/2, 64% decrease in volume of distribution to steady-state, 22% decrease in clearance, 28% increase area under curve, 41% decrease in area under moment curve, 53% decrease in mean residence time and 37% increase in maximum plasma concentration
Summary
Ciprofloxacin belongs to Fluoroquinolones its molecular formula is C17H18FN3O3, it's an antibiotic with a broad spectrum, the mechanism of its action is inhibiting DNA gyrase and a type II topoisomerasen [1]. Bioavailability of ciprofloxacin when orally given is within a percentage of. 70-80%, complete absorption of ciprofloxacin is generally not achieved following oral administration with no substantial loss by first-pass metabolism [6]. Bioavailability of ciprofloxacin after oral administration is not altering by drug-food interactions prolong the time required to reach maximum plasma concentration (t max) and affect the area under the concentration-time curve [7]. Because it is little binding to plasma proteins and good penetration in various fluids and tissues of the body. It has high distribution, except the central nervous system (CNS) [8,9]. Ciprofloxacin is different from other drugs in degree of metabolism and elimination in the liver or by renal excretion, that in the metabolism of ciprofloxacin decrease antimicrobial activity by glucuronide conjugation at the 3-
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