Abstract
The electrode performance of La 2NiO 4 and La 3Ni 2O 7 as cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) was analyzed. The study was focused on the electrode polarization resistance of the interfaces formed by the cathodes with Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2− δ + 2%Co electrolyte. The study was extended to cathodes based on La 2NiO 4–Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2− δ composite and Pt to analyze the effect of changing the electronic and/or ionic transport properties on the electrode interface resistance. The electrode performance was studied in open circuit conditions and with DC current polarization. Important differences in the performance of the pure cathode materials were obtained as function of DC current flux. However, in La 2NiO 4–Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2− δ composite the DC current flux produces minor changes in the electrode polarization resistance. The aging process also affects the OCV electrode performance of cathodes based on Pt and pure ceramics, whereas the effect is practically invaluable in La 2NiO 4–Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2− δ composite. The electrode performance is higher for the composite cathode compared to pure ceramic electrodes for OCV or for low values of DC polarization. However, the important decrease in the interface resistance obtained for high values of DC current flux for La 2NiO 4 and La 3Ni 2O 7 cathodes increases their electrode performances to values close to those obtained in La 2NiO 4–Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2− δ composite. This retains the cathode overpotential with values as low as 140 mV at 750 °C for values of current load of 530 mA cm −2 for both pure and composite La 2NiO 4-based cathodes. The low cathode overpotential allows to estimate values of power density between 300 and 350 mW cm −2 at 750 °C for La 2NiO 4, La 3Ni 2O 7 and La 2NiO 4–Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2−δ composite, operating with Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2−δ + 2%Co electrolyte, with 300 μm in thickness, and a Ni–Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2−δ cermet anode with H 2 as fuel.
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