Abstract
New types of CMS-inducing cytoplasms cannot be applied to hybrid sorghum breeding without knowledge of their effects on major biological and commercial plant traits. In our studies of F1 hybrids obtained by crossing of two sets of isonuclear CMS lines (with nuclear genomes of cv. Pishchevoye 614 (P614) and Zhelyozyornoye 10 (Zh10)) to two pollen parents (cv. Pishchevoye 35 (P35) and Mercury), we focused our attention on the effects of A3, A4, 9E, and M35-1A cytoplasms on chlorophyll content at different developmental stages of sorghum plants. It was found that hybrids with different types of male-sterile cytoplasm differed in chlorophyll content, and the genotypes of the CMS line and the pollen parent influenced the manifestation of cytoplasmic differences. In the F1 hybrids obtained with CMS lines possessing the P614 genome, sterile M35-1A cytoplasm increased chlorophyll a content, in comparison to 9E cytoplasm. In the F1 hybrids obtained with CMS lines with the Zh10 genome and the P35 pollen parent, sterile A4 cytoplasm increased the sum of chlorophyll a and b, in comparison to A3 and 9E cytoplasms, whereas no differences were recorded in the F1 hybrids obtained with Mercury. The F1 hybrids obtained with CMS lines with the P614 genome showed heterosis for total chlorophyll content at the tillering stage. Overdominance of this trait was observed in hybrids with M35-1A cytoplasm; true heterosis exceeded analogous indices in 9E cytoplasm by 19.0 %, and the hypothetical heterosis, by 20.6 %. These data demonstrate that the application of new types of CMS-inducing cytoplasms allows raise of F1 hybrids with heterosis for chlorophyll content. Thus, such types can be used to increase hybrid productivity.
Highlights
Как цитировать эту статью? Кибальник О.П., Эльконин Л.А
Pishchevoye 35 (P35) and Mercury), we focused our attention on the effects of A3, A4, 9E, and M35-1A cytoplasms on chlorophyll content at different developmental stages of sorghum plants
It was found that hybrids with different types of male-sterile cytoplasm differed in chlorophyll content, and the genotypes of the CMS line and the pollen parent influenced the manifestation of cytoplasmic differences
Summary
Эффективное использование новых типов цитоплазматической мужской стерильности в селекции гетерозисных гибридов сорго невозможно без знания их влияния на основные биологические и хозяйственно ценные признаки растений. Возможность такого влияния необходимо учитывать и использовать в селекции на гетерозис, в частности, при создании линий с цитоплазматической мужской стерильностью (ЦМС), поскольку как митохондриальные, так и хлоропластные геномы различаются у разных стерильных цитоплазм (Frankel et al, 1979; Delorme et al, 1997; Tang et al, 2005; Tanaka et al, 2012; Heng et al, 2014). Что стерильные цитоплазмы типов А2, А4 и 9Е обусловливают значительно более высокое содержание хлорофилла у гибридов F1 сорго, в сравнении с цитоплазмой А1 (Кибальник, Эльконин, 2009). В данной статье сообщается о различных эффектах новых типов стерильных цитоплазм на содержание хлорофилла у гибридов F1, при этом впервые приводятся данные, свидетельствующие о влиянии цитоплазмы М35-1А на проявление у сорго гетерозиса по общему содержанию хлорофиллов a и b
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