Abstract
Purpose: To compare the total light energy transmission (J/cm2) through bulk fill composite materials (BFMs) and Vickers microhardness (VH) when cured with a single peak LED LCU at two different exposure times. Methods and materials: Two viscous BFMs, Tetric EvoCeram Bulkfil (Ivoclar Vivadent) [TBF], XtraFil (Voco) [XF], and two flowable BFMs, Surefil SDR (Dentsply) [SDR], XtraBase (Voco) [XB] were prepared in 4mmdeep Delrin® rings (DuPont, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada). Tetric Evoceram [TEC], a conventional composite (Ivoclar Vivadent) was used as a control. Using MARC® RC, the irradiance delivered to the top surface of the samples was adjusted to either 800mW/cm2 and delivered for 2 s (16 J/cm2) or 1600mW/cm2 for 10 s (16 J/cm2). The irradiance (mW/cm2) transmitted to the bottom surface was measured with MARC® and the internal software converted this to J/cm2. Samples were stored post-irradiation in a dry, sealed, light-proof container at room temperature (21± 10 ◦C) for 24h. Three measurements were taken from both top and bottom surfaces of each sample using a Vickers Hardness TestingMachine (HM-200 Series, Mitutoyo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with 200g load applied for 10 s. Bottom to top (B/T) VH ratios were calculated. Data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA (a=0.05). Results: Table 1. For B/T total energy transmission, comparing each material when cured with 800mW/cm2 × 20 s versus 1600mW/cm2 × 10 s, there was extremely statistical significant difference for all materials used with more total energy transmitted at 800mW/cm2 × 20 s (P TEC>XF>TBF>XB. For B/T VH ratios. Comparing each material when cured with 800mW/cm2 × 20 s versus 1600mW/cm2 × 10 s, XB and TEC showed extremely significant difference with higher B/T VH ratio when cured with 800mW/cm2 × 20 s (P 0.05). XB did not reach the generally accepted [1] 80% B/T VH ratio (74.8% @ 800mW/cm2 × 20 s, 64.0% @ 1600mW/cm2 × 10 s). Comparing B/T VH ratios ranged from 74.8% to 91.6%(TEC>XF>SDR>TBF>XB @800mW/cm2 × 20 s) and ranged from 64.0% to 88.3% (XF>SDR>TEC>TBF>XB @1600mW/cm2 × 10 s).
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