Abstract
With the trend toward taller and larger structures, the demand for high-strength and lightweight cement concrete has increased in the construction industry. Equipment for transporting ready-mixed concrete is frequently used to bring concrete to construction sites, and washing this equipment generates a large amount of recycled water, which is an industrial by-product. In this study, we recycled this water as the pre-wetting water for lightweight aggregate and as mixing water, and we substituted blast furnace slag powder (BS) and fly ash (FA) as cementitious materials (Cm). In addition, we evaluated the fluidity, compressive strength, tensile strength, drying shrinkage, and accelerated carbonation depth of lightweight ternary cementitious mortars (TCMs) containing artificial lightweight aggregate and recycled water. The 28-day compressive strengths of the lightweight TCM specimens with BS and FA were ~47.2–51.7 MPa, except for the specimen with 20% each of BS and FA (40.2 MPa), which was higher than that of the control specimen with 100% OPC (45.9 MPa). Meanwhile, the 28-day tensile strengths of the lightweight TCM specimens containing BS and FA were ~2.81–3.20 MPa, which are ~13.7–29.5% higher than those of the control specimen. In this study, the TCM specimen with 5% each of BS and FA performed the best in terms of the combination of compressive strength, tensile strength, and carbonation resistance.
Highlights
Cement concrete, which is widely used in various fields in the construction industry, must demonstrate improved performance, such as high strength and lightweight, with the increasing demand for taller and larger structures
cementitious material (Cm) used in this study was ASTM type-I OPC manufactured by the Asia Cemen
Cm used in this study was ASTM type-I OPC manufactured by the Asia Cement
Summary
Cement concrete, which is widely used in various fields in the construction industry, must demonstrate improved performance, such as high strength and lightweight, with the increasing demand for taller and larger structures. Ready-mixed concrete, which is mainly used at construction sites, must be transported to these sites, and the equipment used to that end undergoes a washing process after the concrete is poured This process generates a large amount of recycled water, an industrial by-product. [16] found that construction industry, blast furnace powder (BS) or fly ashalthough (FA), are negatively widely usedaffected to reduceworkability, the amount ofmetakaolin cement usedcould as a part of efforts reduce effect silica fume alleviate thistonegative greenhouse gases or to improve the durability of concrete [12,13]. This study, we used recycled waterof light strength, tensile strength, drying andInaccelerated carbonation depth as both the pre-wetting water mortars for the lightweight andartificial the mixing water, and we weight ternary cementitious (TCMs) aggregate containing lightweight aggregate substituted BS and FA as Cm. In addition, we evaluated the fluidity, compressive strength, and recycled water. Tensile strength, drying shrinkage, and accelerated carbonation depth of lightweight ternary cementitious mortars (TCMs) containing artificial lightweight aggregate and recycled water
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