Abstract
1. The increased susceptibility to brittle fracture with increasing carbon concentrations in improved structural steels is due to the increase in the amount of carbide phase. 2. An increase in the amount of the brittle carbide phase induces a gradual increase of the cold brittleness threshold in the steels investigated, since the controlling stage of brittle fracture for the structural steels investigated is crack propagation. However, the brittle phase promotes the stage of crack nucleation. 3. The fracture changes with increasing amounts of carbide phase: In ductile fractures the diameter of the dimples decreases; at carbon concentrations over 0.6% brittle fractures changes from transcrystalline to intergranular. 4. The shape of the brittle cracks (nuclei of microcracks, secondary cracks) in the structural steels investigated differ from the usual V-shaped shear cracks.
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