Abstract
The effects of cadmium on intestinal calcium absorption and calcium-binding protein (CaBP) were investigated in chicks by means of the in situ ligated duodenal loop technique. Dietary cadmium, administered in the feed or by gastric intubation, resulted in significant declines in intestinal calcium absorption and mucosal calcium-binding protein concentrations. Cadmium chloride injected directly into the ligated loop of naive chicks also diminished calcium absorption and CaBP concentrations in an apparently dose-response related fashion. No adverse effects of cadmium administration on either the 25- or 1α-hydroxylation reactions of vitamin D were observed. While the general effect of cadmium administration was a reduction in intestinal calcium absorption, plasma calcium levels were consistently elevated in Cd-treated chicks, with the exception of those also maintained on diets low in Ca. The results indicate that cadmium toxicity exerts at least two effects on Ca metabolism, one at the intestinal level and another at the level of the bone, kidney, or both.
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