Abstract
The humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system with a Horizontal Solar Film Evaporator (HSFE) is a sustainable and economical approach to providing freshwater in remote areas where conventional energy is limited or condensation irrigation in off-grid greenhouses. The present study investigates the baffle turbulators on heat and mass transfer of the HSFE of the HDH desalination system. To this aim, a comprehensive three-dimensional transient computational fluid dynamics model of the HSFE has been developed. The model is then used to evaluate the effect of various design parameters on the performance of the HSFE. The Design of Experiments methodology is adopted to determine simulated cases. The Response Surface Model is also applied for sensitivity analysis and parametric study, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II optimization algorithm is used to determine optimum design parameters. It is observed that baffle turbulators enhance the performance of the HSFE by generating vortices and consequently improving the flow mixing and the heat and mass transfer. According to the simulation results, the amount of evaporated water, the average humidity ratio, and the average outlet temperature of the optimum HSFE with baffle turbulators are 64%, 46.5%, and 2.4 °C, more than the conventional HSFE.
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