Abstract
The effect of mixtures of antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) and propyl paraben (PP) on lag phase, growth rate and ochratoxin A (OTA) production by four Aspergillus section Nigri strains was evaluated on peanut meal extract agar (PMEA) under different water activities (aw). The antioxidant mixtures used were: BHA + PP (mM), M1 (0.5 + 0.5), M2 (1.0 + 0.5), M3 (2.5 + 0.5), M4 (0.5 + 1.0), M5 (1.0 + 1.0), M6 (2.5 + 1.0), M7 (5.0 + 2.5) and M8 (10 + 2.5). The mixture M8 completely suppressed mycelial growth for all strains. A significant stimulation in OTA production was observed with mixtures M1 to M5 mainly at the highest aw; whereas M6, M7 and M8 completely inhibited OTA production in all strains assayed; except M6 in A. carbonarius strain (RCP G). These results could enable a future intervention strategy to minimize OTA contamination.
Highlights
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop, and a major food legume, cultivated in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries
The analysis of variance on the effect of single two- and three-way interaction showed that all factors alone and all interactions were statistically significant (P 0.0001) in relation to lag phases and growth rates for all Aspergillus section Nigri strains assayed (Table 1)
Similar effects have been observed by Nesci et al [36], who observed stimulation of AFB1 production by A. flavus and A. parasiticus strains with some combinations of subinhibitory concentrations of natural phytochemicals on maize grains at different a W
Summary
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop, and a major food legume, cultivated in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries. The seed has several purposes as whole seed or processed to make peanut butter, oil, soups, stews and other products. The cake has several uses in feed and infant food formulations. The protein, oil, fatty acid, carbohydrate and mineral content of this nut become sensitive to fungal contamination, in pre and post-harvest stage. The fungal contamination is one of the main problems when inappropriate processing and storage conditions occur [1]. This oilseed is one of the most important agricultural products in the Argentinean economy. The peanut industry exports 90% of its product, with Argentina being the second in the world in peanut exports
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