Abstract
In this research, using the precursors of Al(NO3)3.9H2O and Mg(NO3)2.6H2O as the source of Al3+ and Mg2+ and different molar ratios of diethylene glycol (DEG) and succinic acid (C4H6O4) as a gel and chelating agent, magnesium aluminate (spinel) nanoparticles were prepared by modified sol-gel (Pechini) method. The x-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of single-phase magnesium aluminium spinel nanoparticles with a cubic crystal structure at 800 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also shown that the prepared nanoparticles with succinic acid to ethylene glycol mole ratio ¾ of having a quasi-spherical morphology with an average size between 40–50 nm. In addition, the prepared nanoparticles were used as adsorbents to remove lead and cadmium contaminants from heavy ion-containing water. To investigate the adsorption process, adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherms for lead and cadmium ions were investigated, and it was found that the adsorption process for two ions follows the second-order kinetic.
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