Abstract
Alkali-adopted Cu-Ni/diatomite catalysts were designed and used for the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from carbon dioxide and methanol. Alkali additives were introduced into Cu-Ni/diatomite catalyst as a promoter because of its lower work function (Ni > Cu > Li > Na > K > Cs) and stronger electron-donating ability. A series of alkali-promoted Cu-Ni/diatomite catalysts were prepared by wetness impregnation method with different kind and different loading of alkali. The synthesized catalysts were fully characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and NH3/CO2-TPD. The experimental results demonstrated that alkali adoption can significantly promote the catalytic activity of Cu–Ni bimetallic catalysts. Under the catalytic reaction conditions of 120 °C and 1.0 MPa; the highest CH3OH conversion of 9.22% with DMC selectivity of 85.9% has been achieved when using 15%(2Cu-Ni) 2%Cs2O/diatomite catalyst (CuO + NiO = 15 wt. %, atomic ratio of Cu/Ni = 2/1, Cs2O = 2 wt. %).
Highlights
Carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can be converted into useful hydrocarbons rather than viewing it as waste emission [1]
Direct synthesis of Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CH3 OH and CO2 is highly desired as it is environment-benign by nature [2]
The hydroxyl groups existing on the surface and in the voids of the diatomite are extremely important for the infiltration of the precursor in and impregnated solution, and the adsorption and dispersion of the precursor on/in the diatomite
Summary
The main greenhouse gas, can be converted into useful hydrocarbons rather than viewing it as waste emission [1]. Alkali additives are known to improve many industrially catalytic reactions such as ammonia and Fisher–Tropsch synthesis [37], CO oxidation and hydrogenation [38], and water-gas shift reaction [39,40] It can induce a strong promotional effect on the performance of the catalysts such as enhanced activity and selectivity, suppression of undesirable reactions and improved catalyst stability. In this contribution, alkali-doped Cu-Ni/diatomite and pure Cu-Ni/diatomite bimetallic catalysts were prepared and characterized. The promotional effect of alkali on the dispersion, reduction, and activity of the catalyst are investigated in detail
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