Abstract
Background Adhesive resin is increasingly used as a modeling liquid for composite. Based on previous studies, elution of some components from the composite mass negatively affects the oral tissues. Since few studies have focused on the effect of adhesive resin on composite mass, this study aimed to investigate the effect of dental adhesion factors as modeling liquid on the elution of substances from composite restorations. Materials and Methods Sixty-four composite specimens (6 × 2 mm diameter × height) were prepared in four groups (n = 16) by using a Teflon ring. Composite mass was incrementally applied in four layers (0.5 mm). The control group contained no material between the layers, but other groups had one of the single bond, SE bond, and wetting resin adhesives between the layers. Specimens were immersed in distilled water and methanol. The amount of released triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), and camphorquinone (CQ) was monitored by gas chromatography after 24 hours and 7 days. Data were analyzed with SPSS software through Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Results The highest rate of released TEGDMA comonomer was seen in the wetting resin group in the water medium. The highest rate of released UDMA monomer was seen in SE bond and wetting resin groups in the methanol medium after 24 hours. The highest amount of released CQ in the methanol medium was observed in the SE bond group after 7 days. Conclusion Single bond adhesive can be used as modeling liquid since it has no significant effect on the elution of components from composite mass. Whereas, wetting resin and SE bond adhesives are not suitable to be used as modeling liquid due to the high amounts of released TEGDMA and UDMA.
Highlights
Composite resins were introduced as aesthetic restorative materials in the mid-1960s
Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), and camphorquinone (CQ) were the three identified substances eluted from resin composite masses with different modeler liquids (Table 1)
Concerning the amount of released UDMA, the present study found that the release rate was higher in the methanol medium than in distilled water, which was consistent with the results of Schuster et al.’s study [27]
Summary
Composite resins were introduced as aesthetic restorative materials in the mid-1960s. Is method reduces the surface tension of a restorative material, which facilitates the placement of material into the cavity and modeling process. Use of low-viscosity materials, like dental adhesives, as the composite modeler liquid, is not suggested by any manufacturer; it is widely proposed by the clinicians. It may decrease the trapping of air in the restoration body, and the subsequent porosity which occurs due to the penetration of low-viscosity resin into the bubbles [5]. Composite mass was incrementally applied in four layers (0.5 mm)
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