Abstract
The object of this study were determined the effect of adding urea (0,2%) and molasses (4%) to barley and straw on in vitro gas and methane production, in vitro fermentation characteristic (pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration) and in vitro digestibility, dry matter, organic matter and metabolizable energy, the samples incubated in 39oc water path for 24,48,72 and 96 h., the results indicated that there were significant decrease (p<0.01) in total gas and methane production after 48,72 and 96 h incubation periods in barley straw with 2% urea compared with control (without urea), while 24 h. total gas and methane production increased significant(p<0.01) in straw with 2% urea compared with control. However, metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility, short chain fatty acids and metabolizable energy for lactation which determine by total gas production after 24 h. incubation increased significantly (p<0.01) in straw with 2% urea compared with no adding urea. The result showed no effects of treatments on pH in all incubation periods except 48h. were pH increased significantly (p<0.01) in compared with control straw with 2% urea .Ammonia nitrogen concentration increased significantly (p<0.01) in straw with 2% urea compared with control after 48h. of incubation period while control treatment increased significantly (p<0.01) after 96h. incubation period compared with straw with 2% urea in ammonia nitrogen concentration, no significant differences found in ammonia nitrogen concentration after 24 and 72 h. incubation period between treatments, moreover, the in vitro dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility and metabilizable energy increased significantly (p<0.01) in barley straw with 2% urea compared with control. The result indicated that adding 2% urea to barley straw increased in vitro gas and methane production which lead to increased in vitro organic and dry matter digestibility and metabolizable energy.
Highlights
Rumen of the animal produced different types of gases as a result of a process of fermentation of various organic substances
That lead to increase of feed intake, milk production and growth, but there was same limitation for their use because of its negative effect or its toxicity at its addition to the animal diet that leads to its effect on animal health and ruminal microbes which are deposited on milk and meat and a resistant to the antibiotics. for this reason this study was conducted to use an alternative like plant extracts and plant oils from medical plants (9) or an addition of non-protein nitrogenous sources such as urea in order to reduce CH4
Materials and Methods The experiment was conducted on nutrition lab. belonged to the department of animal production, college of Agriculture, university of Baghdad, AL-Jaderia collection. in order to study the effect of addition of urea 2% and the molasses in a percent of 4 % to the barley straw on some of ruminal fermentation and production of total gases and CH4 gas in vitro and the factor of digestibility in vitro to the dry matter, organic matter and the metabolic energy
Summary
Rumen of the animal produced different types of gases as a result of a process of fermentation of various organic substances.
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