Abstract
A previously isolated a bacteriophage, vB_EcoS_AKFV33 of T5virus, demonstrated great potential in biocontrol of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) O157. This study further evaluated its potential as a biocontrol agent in broth culture against other important non-O157 serogroups of STEC and Salmonella. AKFV33 was capable of lysing isolates of STEC serogroups O26 (n = 1), O145 (n = 1) and Salmonella enterica serovars (n = 6). In a broth culture microplate system, efficacy of AKFV33 for killing STEC O26:H11, O145:NM and Salmonella was improved (P < 0.05) at a lower multiplicity of infection and sampling time (6–10 h), when STEC O157:H7 was also included in the culture. This phage was able to simultaneously reduce numbers of STEC and Salmonella in mixtures with enhanced activity (P < 0.05) against O157:H7 and O26:H11, offering great promise for control of multiple zoonotic pathogens at both pre and post-harvest.
Highlights
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella are often carried by food-producing animals and remain leading causes of foodborne illness worldwide [1]
Commercial phage-based products have been used in the biocontrol of important foodborne bacteria including STEC and Salmonella [2]
Of 36 non-O157 STEC strains including clinically important serogroups O26, O45, O91, O103, O111, O113, O121, O128 and O145 (n = 4 per serogroups), only STEC O26:H11 strain EC19960464 and O145: NM strain EC19970355 were extremely susceptible to AKFV33 at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 6 × 10− 5 and 4 × 10− 3, respectively
Summary
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella are often carried by food-producing animals and remain leading causes of foodborne illness worldwide [1]. Few effective on-farm interventions have been established. With emergence of STEC and Salmonella that are resistant to conventional interventions (e.g. heat, acid and chemical sanitizers [1];), novel approaches are needed to control these pathogens in both primary and secondary food production. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that naturally use bacteria as hosts, and when virulent, induce lysis of the infected bacteria. Commercial phage-based products have been used in the biocontrol of important foodborne bacteria including STEC and Salmonella [2].
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