Effect of 5-HT3 antagonists and a 5-HT1A agonist on fluoxetine-induced conditioned gaping reactions in rats

Abstract

The effect of manipulation of the serotonin (5-HT) system on conditioned gaping (presumably reflective of nausea in rats) was evaluated. The potential of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine (which produces nausea in the clinic), to produce conditioned gaping in rats and of the 5-HT(3) antagonists (ondansetron and palonosetron) and the 5-HT(1A) autoreceptor agonist (8-OH-DPAT) to reverse this effect were evaluated. In each of four experiments, rats received three pairings of intraorally delivered 17% sucrose solution and fluoxetine (0, 2, 10 or 20 mg/kg) and 72 h later were given a drug-free test trial. In experiment 2, rats were pretreated with the 5-HT(3) antagonists, ondansetron (0, 0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg) or the longer acting palonosetron (0.1 mg/kg), 30 min before each of three sucrose-fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) pairings. In experiment 3, rats were injected with palonosetron (0.1 mg/kg) 2 h before each of three sucrose-fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) or sucrose-lithium chloride (LiCl, 25 mg/kg) pairings. In experiment 4, rats were pretreated with the 5-HT(1A) autoreceptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT (DPAT, 0.1 mg/kg) 30 min before each of three sucrose-fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) pairings. After two sucrose-fluoxetine pairings, the highest dose of fluoxetine tested (20 mg/kg) produced conditioned gaping reactions. These conditioned gaping reactions were prevented by pretreatment with DPAT, but not with the 5-HT(3) antagonists. On the other hand, palonosetron administered 2 h prior to sucrose-LiCl pairings attenuated conditioned gaping reactions. These results suggest that the conditioned nausea produced by SSRIs, but not LiCl, may be resistant to treatment with 5-HT(3) antagonists, but not 5-HT(1A) autoreceptor agonists.