Abstract

Pencegahan karies dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan dalam pencegahan karies adalah dengan mengontrol akumulasi plak pada permukaan gigi. Tanaman sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.) mengandung senyawa yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dan biofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri dan penghambatan biofilm tanaman sereh terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Subjek penelitian adalah Bakteri S. mutans pada uji KHM90 sebanyak 6x108 CFU/ml dan pada uji penghambatan biofilm sebanyak 15x108 CFU/ml. Tanaman sereh kering diekstraksi bertingkat dengan menggunakan petroleum eter dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan etanol 70%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan uji penentuan KHM90 menggunakan metodemikrodilusi pada microplate flat bottom 96 wells. Bakteri disiapkan dengan membuat suspensi dalam media NB dan digunakan standar McFarland II (6 x108 CFU/ml). Uji aktivitas penghambatan biofilm dilakukan menggunakan metode mikrodilusi terhadap biofilm yang terbentuk pada microplate flat flexible U-bottom PVC 96 wells dengan pewarnaan menggunakan crystal violet 1%. Bakteri disiapkan dengan membuat suspensi dalam media BHI dan digunakan standar McFarland V (15 x108 CFU/ml). Hasil uji berupa optical density (OD) dibaca dengan alat Bio-rad microplate readerBenchmark pada panjang gelombang 595 nm. Nilai IC50 ditentukan dengan metode probit menggunakan program SPSS versi 15. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu pengukuran pada uji KHM90 menunjukkan bahwa 108,36% b/v mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Aktivitas penghambatan biofilm menunjukkan harga IC50 sereh adalah 0,137% b/v. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat efek antibakteri ekstrak sereh terhadap bakteri S. mutans ditunjukkan dengan diperolehnya KHM90 pada kadar konsentrasi 0,18% b/v dan terdapat efek penghambatan biofilm ekstrak sereh terhadap bakteri S. mutans ditunjukkan dengan nilai IC50 0,137%. Antibacterial effect and biofilm inhibition Of Lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon nardus L.) against the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Caries prevention can be carried out by several methods. One of them is by controlling the plaque accumulation on the surface of the teeth. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L) is containing certain compound that can inhibit the growth of bacteria and biofilm. The objective of this research is to observe the influence of antibacterial and biofilm inhibition of lemongrass extract against the growth of S. mutans. Subjects were S. mutans bacteria on KHM90 test as much as 6x108 CFU/ml and on biofilm inhibition test as much as 15x108 CFU/ml. Lemongrass was extracted using petroleum ether followed by using 70% ethanol. Antibacterial activity test carried out with KHM90 determination test using microdilution method on microplate flat bottom 96 wells. Bacteria were prepared by making a suspension in NB media and adjusted to McFarland II standard (6x108 CFU/ml). Biofilm inhibition activity test was performed using microdilution method of the biofilm formed on microplate flat flexible PVC U-bottom 96 wells which were stained using 1% of crystal violet. Bacteria were prepared by making a suspension in BHI media and adjusted to McFarland V standard (15 x108 CFU/ml). The result in the form of optical density (OD) was read by Bio-rad microplate reader Benchmark at a wavelength of 595 nm. The value of IC50 was determined by probit method using SPSS version 15.The results of this study of measurements on KHM90 test showed that 108,36% w/v is capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria. Biofilm inhibitory activity showed IC50 lemongrass value was 0,137% w/v. The conclusion of this study is that lemongrass extract has antibacterial effect against bacteria S. mutans showed by KHM90 obtained at concentrations of 0,18% w/v and there is lemongrass extract biofilm inhibitory effect against the bacteria S. mutans indicated by IC50 value 0,137%

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