Abstract
The peninsular effect is a biogeographical rule according to which species richness decreases as a function from the distance to the mainland base of peninsulas. However, this pattern is frequently obscured by the effect of environmental variables. In this paper we study the relative effect of the geographic location and some environmental variables on the distribution of the richness of Iberian forest birds. Results suggest that both the geographic location and some environmental variables (temperature, precipitation, forest coverage…) affect the species richness. We have also explored if these results can change according to the particular features of the study areas. To approach this, we defined two corridors of a similar length. The Atlantic corridor was quite homogeneous in the study environmental variables while the Mediterranean showed a sharp gradient from moist northern to dry south. Results showed that in the Atlantic corridor, distance to continent and not environmental variables were the main correlates to species richness while in the Mediterranean corridor environmental variables were the best correlates to richness distributions. These results are used to discuss some methodological and biogeographical aspects of the forest bird distribution across the Iberian Peninsula.
Highlights
Geographic and environmental effects on the distribution of Iberian forest bird richness The peninsular effect is a biogeographical rule according to which species richness decreases as a function from the distance to the mainland base of peninsulas
Por ejemplo, que las condiciones ambientales cambien al hacerlo la distancia al continente, enmascarando o distorsionando las predicciones del efecto península e, incluso, propiciando la aparición de patrones inversos
Para evaluar la distribución de la riqueza en España peninsular, se contabilizó el número de especies presentes en cada cuadrícula Lambert 1:50.000 del Atlas de las Aves Reproductoras en España (Purroy, 1997)
Summary
Para evaluar la distribución de la riqueza en España peninsular, se contabilizó el número de especies presentes en cada cuadrícula Lambert 1:50.000 Se utilizó la localización geográfica de las cuadrículas (longitud y latitud), para evaluar la posible existencia de un efecto península. La distribución de la riqueza de especies forestales se analizó mediante regresión múltiple utilizando modelos generales lineales, con las componentes obtenidas en el ACP y los nueve términos del polinomio de la latitud-longitud como variables independientes. Sólo se utilizaron las componentes ambientales obtenidas en el ACP y la distancia al punto de entrada al corredor (medida como longitud y latitud en los corredores Atlántico y Mediterráneo, respectivamente), ya que esta era la única componente geográfica con un rango de variación significativo.
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