Efectos ambientales del turismo a partir de la expansión y las dinámicas capitalistas: pautas metodológicas para su análisis en Iberoamérica

Kemiren village is well known today as one of the tourist destinations that has a distinctive appeal to the culture of the Osing tribe, which is one of the tribes found on Java. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of community-based rural tourism (CBRT) activities with an approach to the economic, socio-cultural and natural environment dimensions associated with the quality of life of residents in Kemiren village. The results of the research conducted show that tourism activities in the area have been able to become a source of income for most households in order to improve the standard of living of the Kemiren villagers. However, the development of tourism activities that occurs has an impact on changes in the livelihoods of local residents because of the high profits obtained from tourism activities. Increased job opportunities have also led to a high flow of people working there. Protection of the environment is seen as not a priority in relation to tourism activities in development carried out by local governments. However, Kemiren village’s resident still have high concern and are actively involved in preserving the environment. Local people believe in development of tourism activities will impact their welfare.

The article is devoted to the analysis of such a modern tool for promoting a tourism product and the overall development of tourism activities as travel blogging The article emphasizes the basic concepts and features of travel blogging. The article describes the world and Ukrainian experience of travel blogging development and leading travel bloggers who are becoming key players in digitalization and start-up projects in the field of tourism and hospitality.

Ciletuh Geopark Tourism Area (UNESCO Global Geopark Ciletuh Palabuhanratu) is now one of the main tourist attractions in the Sukabumi Regency, West Java province of Indonesia. The geopark area is in the Ciemas District. Based on the Regional Spatial Planning of the Sukabumi Regency, the Ciemas District is designated as the center of the agricultural sector activities for paddy rice plants in the Sukabumi District. Through the development of tourism activities, Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark will undoubtedly threaten the rice farming sector in the area. In the disruption era, as technology changes, information and knowledge become more accessible. The development of these tourism activities will grow faster in Ciemas District, causing many changes, especially in physical space and regional economics. One change would be in the rice fields in this area, which has been transformed into built-in land in villas, inns, and homestays. If this is allowed, then the function of the sustainability of agricultural activities in the Ciemas District will be threatened. For this reason, control efforts are needed so that paddy fields that must be maintained do not change function quickly. This study analyzes the land use and land cover for paddy fields in Ciemas District. The method of this study is the quantitative method. The analytical methods include population projection, ArcGIS analysis, and Land Potential Index. The findings contribute to supporting the development of tourism while maintaining food security. The results indicate that there are protected areas from being prioritized, which are not prioritized for paddy fields, can be used for the development of tourism activities. Thus, this can be used as a source for the government to make policies for fulfilling food requirements and developing tourism activities in the region.

One region in Indonesia gaining the positive impact of tourism activity development is Purwakarta Regency. The positive impact is proven from the number of visitors which is increasingly bigger year by year In fact, the visitors likely to visit the main tourism object situated in Purwakarta Regency and the average length of stay of the is visitors merely one day. From this phenomenon, it can be assumptively concluded that the visitors are lack interest of visiting other tourism objects in Purwakarta. In addition, the increase in the number of tourist visits is considered not to have benefits for the community The present study is aimed at identifying and analyzing the tourism activity in some villages of Purwakarta Regency, identifying and analyzing sustainable livelihood approach in the tourism villages of Purwakarta Regency and determining the development of tourism activity to create a sustainable livelihood in the tourism villages of Purwakarta Regency. This study used a qualitative approachmethod. During the data collection, the technique used direct field observation, interview and documentation. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The present study uses analysis technique of qualitative descriptive started with data collection, data reduction data display, and the last is the verification conduct and drawing conclusion. This study results some development of tourism activity needed to create a sustainable livelihood approach in the tourism villages of Purwakarta Regency including the utilization of the owned resources, development of local community capacity, offer of differentiation, analysis on environmental impact as well as the involvement of scientific community in the development of tourism activity.

Extremadura (Spain), being one of the less-developed EU regions, is also eligible for European funds, including those related with the development of tourism activities in rural areas. To assess the spatial distribution of rural tourism potential (RTP), a methodological approach was followed by combining the synergetic use of geographic information systems (GIS) and the analytical hierarchical process (AHP). For the evaluation model, six factors were examined and hierarchized by a panel of eighteen experts: tourism accommodation offer, activities in natural areas, gastronomic offer, cultural activities, bath offer in natural environments, and activities in active tourism. These factors were then decomposed into thirty-two evaluation criteria and the relative importance of their weights was estimated using pairwise judgments. Using publicly available data and volunteered geographic information (VGI) platforms, the related spatial and non-spatial data were collected, collated, and standardized, employing appropriate tools developed with open-source GIS software. The results, represented by a series of intensity maps, indicate the RTP scores, highlight the strengths and weaknesses in each county, and could serve as a planning tool for public and/or private investments.

It is thought that the development of the Senjoyo River as a tourist attraction in Semarang Regency will cause changes to the natural ecosystem in the area, one of which is changing the structure of the existing gastropod community. This research is a quantitative analysis research using a survey method that aims to examine the structure of the gastropod community after the development of tourism activities on the Senjoyo River. Gastropod samples were taken from 10 different observation stations along the Senjoyo River, which are located at 7˚22'23"S and 110˚31'37"E. Observation station locations were determined by the purposive random sampling method, based on tourism activity density. The result showed types of gastropods that were found in the Senjoyo River namely, Sulcospira testudinaria, Tarebia granifera, Brotia costula, Thiara scraba, and Melanoides tuberculata with clustered distribution patterns (Id>1). Statistical analysis showed that location affected gastropod abundance (Asymp. Sig of 0.043), with the highest abundance found at station seven (45,11 individuals/m2). So station seven, with sandy and muddy substrate conditions, moderate current speed (0.257 m/s), and rarely found human activity, is the most suitable location to support the survival of gastropods in the Senjoyo River. Furthermore, the gastropod community structure indicates environmental changes at observation stations nine and ten, the locations where the most activities and construction of tourism facilities were found. That was indicated by the low diversity (H’= 0.00-0.01) and evenness (E = 0.00) index of gastropods, and there is dominance by Sulcospira testudinaria (C= 0.98-1.00).

The subject of this article is about the development of tourist activities in the region. The increase inthe material well-being of the local population leads to an increase in the social level. The subject of thisarticle is the development of tourist activities in the Lankaran economic region, which is a border region.The object of the research is the tourist activity of the border region.The research method is a comparative analysis of tourism in the economic region of Azerbaijan.The main attention is paid to the mechanism of management of the development of the border region.The development of the border region as a tourist destination is the main goal in the proposed work. Toachieve the goal, it is proposed to create a special economic zone for tourist destinations in the indicatedterritory. The leadership for the implementation of the adopted Development Program is transferred tothe Regional Tourism Council. The implementation of the adopted regional development program isassociated with the development of tourist clusters, the attraction of domestic and foreign investors, entrepreneursof related industries, and joint activities in the region. The development of the region locatedat the state border presupposes close cooperation of the regions on both sides of the state border, the transformation of the region into an international transport hub. The results of this work can be applied tothe management of regional tourism activities. The article concludes that a clear administrative phasedimplementation of the Program as a result will lead to an increase in the volume of the region’s domesticproduct, an improvement in the quality of services offered and, as a result, an increase in the materialwell-being of the local population, and the recognition of the region in the international tourism market.Promotion of the region as a single tourist product will speed up the process of recognizing this territoryas a tourist destination.Key words: cross-border region, special economic zone for tourism, tourism cluster, single tourismproduct.

Tourism is a sector that is very popular with countries in the world to increase their income. Tourism is also seen as a multidimensional industry that has physical, social, cultural, economic and political characteristics, as the largest and fastest growing industry in the world today. Tourism is developed as one of the strategies to improve the quality of life of the community, therefore Community-based Tourism is present to develop local democracy where decision-making related to tourism activities in the area is carried out by the local community and also considers local priorities. The ideal development of community-based tourism should grow on local initiatives or commonly known as bottom up. Where the development of tourism activities is initiated by the local community and the participation of the local community is quite high. In Banyuwangi itself, there is a tourist destination that is starting to rise to move the tourism sector in its area, namely Penawar Sari tourism located in the Ketapang Village area. Although it grew on local initiatives, the community still does not understand how to maximize tourism activities in their area so that it is more profitable for them as the local community and minimizes the impact caused by tourism. Improper management and without proper planning, it is feared that it will actually become a tourism "bomb" that is detrimental to the local community so that a community-based tourism development model is needed in Penawar Sari Tourism so that the community can later become kings in their own area and take part in decision making and be active in tourism activities in their area. The data for this study were collected using observation methods, in-depth interviews with informants, questionnaires and documentation studies. Informants were determined based on purposive sampling, where informants were selected based on certain specifications. The informants for this observation were. Penawar Sari tourism managers and local communities. The results of this study analyze the existing conditions of tourism in Penawar Sari Tourism and analyze the type of community participation in tourism development and formulate a model of community participation in the development of Penawar Sari Tourism.

Because of beautiful natural environment, multiple and mysterious culture, the original ecological folk customs, ethnic area have attracted more and more tourists. Tourism activities have been considered to promote ethical region to local economic development, promoting community poverty and realize leaping development is an effective means. How to make sustainable development of tourism activities, not only in relation to the demand of tourist to obtain the safeguard, but also related to ethical region society, economy, culture is benign development. A stakeholder is the eternal topic of regional economic development. As local economic development, promote national community out of poverty and to achieve an effective means of leaps and bounds, the continued development of national tourism activities depends on the degree of harmony of the various stakeholders, depending on the satisfaction of the demands of the various stakeholders, based on the interests the operation of the relevant national tourism activities is a long way to go.

The article is devoted to a problem that is relevant today – the future development of tourism. The author substantiates the idea that the future of tourism requires the use of new innovative approaches. One of these innovative approaches is the use of foresight methodology. It is shown that forecasting the development of tourism activity requires the use of new innovative mechanisms. Accordingly, an innovative approach will be to apply the foresight methodology, which will allow us to determine priorities for the development of tourism activities, taking into account market changes. It is noted that the purpose of foresight is the probable development of the future of tourism activities, determining strategies for achieving the desired image. That is, foresight is necessary to create alternative destinations, manage the choice of technologies, strategically develop tourism activities, intensify staff training, motivate tourism systems to follow global trends, etc. The methodology of tourism foresight is active in relation to future events. This means that in order to forecast tourism activity, it is advisable to assess the likely risks of certain events, project the current state, strengthen positive trends, increase the likelihood of desired events, prevent the strengthening of negative trends, etc. It is concluded that the foresight methodology in tourism activities will ensure its competitiveness in both the local and global tourism markets. In addition, the use of foresight is gaining importance for the future prospects of tourism development and can influence the improvement of the state policy of tourism development in general.

This study provides an overview of the development patterns of tourism activities through the management of Human Resources, capital, technology and natural potential including plantations and animal husbandry. Research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. Researchers obtain the best method for managing tourism through the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Researchers obtained results that the development of tourism activities based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process is an increase in tourism not only on the beach but also on agribusiness tourism such as plantations and animal husbandry. There needs to be cooperation with investors to increase tourism activities, in addition, improving human resources is very important for the process of adaptation to the development of global tourism. In addition, technology is an equally important aspect. With this increase, tourism activities will run optimally. The researcher suggests that the manager of the Pantai Baru Pandan Simo area to further optimize the development of agro tourism activities that focus on marketing agricultural and livestock activities so that tourists can blend in with the activities of the local community. This will add value to economic activity.

Abstract. The tourism sector dramatically affects the economic growth of an area, where tourism activities are expected to minimize poverty levels and manage local communities. However, the economic impact on tourism development activities is essential to note, addition to having a positive impact on tourism development activities it also has a negative impact. This study aims to see the extent of the impact that occurs in the Pangururan Regency in activities. The method used in this research is a qualitative study method through descriptive journals and literature studies. Economy development from tourism has a significant impact on regional tourism revenues. The results of this study are expected to measure the extent of the impact of economic development on the tourism sector. And moreover results are expected to help the government in developing tourism programs in Pangururan Samosir District which can increase tourists visiting both the tourism season and the semi-quiet season.

In Victoria Falls, development of tourism dates back to around 1900 after the arrival of the railway line from Cape Town, completion of the Victoria Falls hotel and the bridge. In recent years, tourism activities have been spreading to the peri-urban area of Chisuma Communal Area (CCA) along the Batoka Gorges, downstream of the Victoria Falls. Tourism development in the study area was accelerated by the 2010 World Cup soccer tournament hosted by South Africa and the United Nations World Tourism Organisation co-hosted by Zimbabwe and Zambia. This has resulted in construction of lodges along the gorges displacing the local communities from their original villages. This paper examines the expansion and development of tourism in the CCA. Tourism development activities were found to be negatively impacting on the local area through deforestation, land degradation, displacement and social cultural erosion. To some extent, it was also found to be bringing in new livelihood strategies such as employment and development of infrastructure that are crucial for the development of the local communities.

Tourism sector is the one of the leading sectors of Batu City in Indonesia. To facilitate the achievement of the target of marketing Batu City in the international world, Government of Batu City can explore the natural attractions or the uniqueness of local tourism through the development of Rural Tourism. In early stage the development of Tourism Village in Batu City is done by forming Community Based Tourism called Pokdarwis. This research is a case study on Pokdarwis in Village of Pesanggrahan, Junrejo, Dadaprejo and Tulungrejo in Batu City. Analytical techniques used in this study is descriptive analysis. Based on the results of data analysis in three locations of tourism villages shows that Pokdarwis still has not played an effective role in tourism activities. Only one village is Tulungrejo Village whose Pokdarwis activities are visible. In general, Pokdarwis in three villages faced obstacles in the implementation of activities in terms of: 1) Pokdarwis members still lacked awareness about the importance and benefits of increasing tourism activities in the region, 2) Pokdarwis members still due independently marketing and promoting their personal business, not their region; 3) The Government of Tourism Department does not coordinate and assist them intensively. These three things, hampered the development of tourist villages. In fact in these three villages each has excellent potential that can be developed. Therefore, to improve the role of Pokdarwis it is suggest that the goverment must empower Pokdarwis trough : 1) conduct socialization and training to open the the community mind about the importance and benefits of tourism activities development in the region; 2) help choose a reliable leader; and 3) conduct intensive coordination and assistance. In general it can be concluded that the existence of Pokdarwis needs to be supported and nurtured continuously, so that it can play a more effective role in mobilizing public participation in creating conducive environment and atmosphere to improve and develop tourism activities around tourism destinations. In addition it also needs the introduction of information technology for Pokdarwis to promote the potential of their village. Keywords: Pokdarwis, Community Based Tourism, Tourism Village, Empower, Information Technology

Although the frontline regions of eastern and northern Ukraine had significant tourism potential, tourism in these areas has not developed sufficiently, not because of a lack of resources, but because of its underestimation and incorrect positioning. The war, on the one hand, caused significant damage to the natural resources and cultural and historical monuments of these regions, and on the other hand, it drew the attention of not only Ukrainians but also the whole world to these territories. In the future, these regions may become a springboard for the reconstruction of the territory and the development of tourism activities in accordance with all European canons and standards. The article presents the results of a Ukrainian-Estonian research project aimed at studying the development of Ukrainian frontline communities and tourism businesses in the context of war and identifying their strategies for the future. The survey was conducted in Dnipro, Sumy, Kharkiv regions and government-controlled frontline communities in Zaporizhzhia and Donetsk regions. This study focuses on comparing the peculiarities of tourism development in the frontline regions and separately in the Dnipro region both in the pre-war period and the period of active military confrontation. The focus is on the main types of tourism that were in demand before the war and those that are expected to be most in demand in the future. The author analyses the changes that occurred in tourism activities since the outbreak of the war and the problems that had to be faced in organising tourism activities after its beginning. Threats, problems, opportunities and prospects for the development of tourism in the post-war period are identified.