Abstract
COPD is a chronic respiratory disease that is costly to the United States. For instance, the CDC estimated direct costs of COPD in 2010 to be $32 billion dollars. Accounting for indirect costs, such as lost days of work, costs rose to $52.4 billion dollars (Guarascio, 2013). Per 2010 data, 51% of these costs were paid by Medicare, 25% were paid by Medicaid, and 18% were covered by private insurance (CDC, 2022). As such, a cost-utility analysis was conducted to appropriately understand and contextualize the most effective ways to control COPD-related symptoms as well as accrued costs.
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