EE21 COVID-19 Premature Mortality Productivity Losses: Real World Information Analysis

Within the last 35 years of 1975-2010 it was shown that within 1975-2000 the trend of convergence of economy between the provincial index of gross regional domestic product (GRDP) per capita with the national index of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita figured out by the ratio of the GRDP per capita of the richest province to the poorest province equaled 21 to 25 in 1975 toward around 12 in 2000, even though on the post 2000 the provinces which were before 2000 under the national GDP per capita index (<100) declining and lesser. The provinces which have reached the points of convergence by the year of 2000 are Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, South Sumatera, East Java, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and Bali. It is indicated that within the next 30 years the several other provinces which could reach the points of convergence are West Java, Central Java, DI Yogyakarta, West Kalimantan, Riau, Papua and East Kalimantan. However, the other several provinces which are not fully convergent in the meaning of almost consistently existing above the national GDP per capita (what so called the ‘surplus’ provinces), are Aceh, DKI Jakarta, and Bali. Moreover, on the other side, several provinces with GRDP per capita which consistently exist below the national GDP per capita (what so called the ‘minus’ provinces) with the downward sloping regression or with the gently upward sloping regression. Toward achieving points of economic convergence, those ‘minus’ provinces have to trigger their potential prime sectors, which have high economic multipliers.In generating their regional income, it is shown that almost all the provinces of Indonesia still rely on the primary sectors such as mineral and agriculture, with the consequences of low added value. It is expected that mineral and coal and its downstream industries could be able to support the ‘minus’ regions to converge to the national index. Augmenting the regional economic growth, the regions should develop the secondary and services industry which have high value-added multiplier to extend the across-regional trade as well as between the regions in the country with the neighbors’ regions through subregional economic cooperation. Methodology applied in this study is based on regional economic modeling and observation.

This study entitled Analysis of Factors Affecting Demand Beef In The purpose of this study is going to analyze the effect of the price of beef, chicken meat prices, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP), and the total population of the demand for beef in the city of Surabaya. The types and sources of data used quantitative approach with secondary data time series observations in the period 2004-2013. The research variables consist of the dependent variable or dependent that demand for beef (QDS). Independent variables or smoking that is the price of beef (Pds), the price of chicken meat (Pda), regional gross domestic product (Y) and population (P). Data analysis tools using multiple linear regression method. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis of the results obtained: QDS = 1.304E7 - Pds 396 581 - 237 988 Pda + 2.345E-7 Y + 4272 P + e. Retrieved tcount beef prices amounted to 1.159, 0.263 for chicken meat prices, the gross domestic product (GDP) of 0.731 and a population of 0.119. As for the simultaneous testing of F values obtained (2.009) <F table (5.192). Thus H0 and H1 rejected. The conclusion of this study indicate that the price of beef, chicken meat prices, the gross domestic product (GDP) and population affect the demand for beef in the city of Surabaya. Keywords: Price of Beef, Chicken Meat prices, the GDP and Population

This study aims to answer how the influence of fiscal capacity, regional government spending, investment and the residents to regional gross domestic product (GDP) and fiscal capacity of regional government spending. There are seven exogenous variables, three endogenous variables analyzed use the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS), that produces simultaneous estimation equation model. The result showed fiscal capacity, regional government spending, foreign investment, domestic investment, and residents simultaneously significant to the regional GDP. The second model, the fiscal capacity of regional GDP, local taxes, and levies, simultaneously significant to fiscal capacity. The third model, regional government spending show the regional GDP, fiscal capacity, local revenue, balance funds, and residents simultaneously will not affect local government spending. Keywords: Fiscal decentralization, investment, Residents, regional gross domestic product, fiscal capacity, provinces of papua government spending.

The objective of this research is to identify the influence of gross regional domestic product (GRDP), the number of population, and the number of vehicles to the received of vehicle taxes and fees in the South Sumatra. The scope of this research was focused on the elasticity of two vehicles taxes and fees. The secondary data of period 1991-2007 was used. The qualitative and quantitative description approaches and multiple regression analysis were applied. The results of this research showed that: (1) the simultaneous influence of gross regional domestic product (GRDP), the number of population, and the number of vehicles to the receipt of the vehicles taxes and fees was statistically siqnificant. The coefficient of determination R 2 = 97,8% showed that increasing of the GRDP, the number of population, and the number of vehicles explained the increasing of the vehicles taxes and fees in South Sumatra, and the residual 2,2% explained by other factors. (2) The elasticity of GRDP, the number of population, and the number of vehicles to the revenues of the vehicles taxes and fees was in-elastic. It meaned that the change of the vehichel taxes and fees was less responsive to the change of the GRDP, number of population, and number of vehichel in South Sumatra. Keywords: Vehicle taxes and fees, number of vehicles, GRDP, number of population, elasticity

Stuart R.Lynn’s statement, on the advanced countries, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was affected dominantly by investment productivity rather than by its investment. Meanwhile, on the developing countries, GDP was affected dominantly by investment rather than by the productivity. Within connection of Lynn’s proposal, t he purpose of this research is to find out the influence of investment and investment productivity of domestic, foreign, and government on Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) of DKI Jakarta region with the purpose to investigate: how far the influences of investment and investment productivity of domestic, foreign and government simultaneously and partially on GDRP of DKI Jakarta region and to analyze the difference of the influence among the kind of investment and its productivity on GDRP of DKI Jakarta region. This research used explanatory study that is to explain relationship among variables and hypotheses testing about the existence of the relationship among variables. Research data are secondary data concerning GDRP, domestic investment, foreign investment, and government investment which collected since 1991 up to 2007. The hypotheses about influences of domestic, foreign and government investment and their productivity on GDRP, both simultaneously and partially, are tested using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis through the Ordinary Least Square method under 5% level of significance. The influences of domestic, foreign and government investment and their productivity simultaneously on GDRP of DKI Jakarta region are significant and very strong. Partially, government investment, government investment productivity and domestic investment productivity has positive effect on GDRP. Foreign investment productivity has negative effect, while the influences of domestic and foreign investment don’t have significant impact. Besides, this research has found differences of the influence among the kind of investment and among the kind of investment productivity. However, GDRP growth was more affected by the government investment. It has been revealed that the influence of government investment is stronger than its investment productivity. It is also shown the influence of domestic investment is stronger than its investment productivity. For foreign investment, the influence of the investment has positive sign, meanwhile the investment productivity has negative sign. The elasticity trend of productivity of domestic and foreign investment increased, meanwhile elasticity of government investment decreased. Also it has been found the existence of negative correlation among investment with its productivity consistently from domestic, foreign and government sources. This research succeed to prove that GDRP of DKI Jakarta is more influenced dominantly by accumulation of investment rather than by its productivity. The result of this research recommends that the investment productivity factor is the factor that must be attention and more increasing it’s role by every stakeholder. That’s mean to decrease load of investment accumulation that’s forever using the capital addition.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the agricultural sector on poverty in Aceh Province. In this study, the variables used in influencing the poverty level in Aceh Province are the share of Gross domestic product (GDP) in the agricultural sector, labor in the agricultural sector, agricultural land, Farmer Education and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita. The regression model used in this study is the method of multiple linear regression analysis (ordinary least squares regression analysis) using panel data and a fixed effect approach (fixed effect model) to determine the effect between variables. The results of this study are based on a simultaneous test (Test F) which shows that overall, the independent variables (share of GDP in the agricultural sector, labor in the agricultural sector, agricultural land, Farmer Education and GRDP per capita together show their effect on the poverty level. The results of the study based on a partial test (t test) showed that the share of the agricultural sector GRDP and the GDP per capita variable had a negative and significant effect on poverty and agricultural sector labor had a positive and significant effect on poverty, while the variables of agricultural land and farmer education negative effect, but not significant. The value of Adjusted R-squared in this study is 0.868629. This shows that the 86.86 percent change in the dependent variable, namely the Poverty of Aceh Province, can be explained by the independent variable, namely Share of Agricultural GRDP, Agricultural Manpower, Agricultural Land, Farmer Education and Per Capita GRDP. While the remaining 13.14% is explained by other factors outside the model.

Abstract: The problems in this study are based on the results of previous studies on basic and non-base sector analysis in both East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan, which showed that the agricultural sector has a national specialization that is growing slowly, even though the vision and mission in Bulungan district are in 2016-2021 is Realizing Bulungan Regency as an Industry-Based Food Center, while Bulungan Regency is the capital of North Kalimantan Province. Other sectors, such as the mining sector, have a fast-growing national specialization and the wholesale and retail trade sectors have local or regional competitiveness because many traders in North Kalimantan Province have characteristics such as bead carving, tourism, customs, and others. , which can attract tourists and improve people's welfare People's welfare in the province of North Kalimantan is still below the national average and is ranked second from the bottom. Of course, if the North Kalimantan provincial government does not know or is able to identify which economic sectors can improve people's welfare, it will have an impact on decreasing the level of welfare. Therefore a study is needed to identify which sectors have potential base and non-base potential in North Kalimantan province based on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data. To identify these sectors, the analytical method used is Shift Share, in which this method measures the difference in the growth rate of various sectors in the region or region with the national region, meaning whether the industry that created the economic sector located in North Kalimantan is included in the industrial group that is The national sector is indeed growing rapidly and the industry is suitable for being located in North Kalimantan and if other sectors are not yet optimal, then the provincial and regional governments can develop these other sectors which are growing slowly and become a priority. The data to be examined are the North Kalimantan Province's Gross Regional Domestic Product data and the national Gross Domestic Product data which were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of North Kalimantan Province. The stages of the research method to be carried out are 1). Collection of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data based on current prices in 2019 for the province of North Kalimantan; 2). The collection of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data is based on current prices in 2019 for the national territory, in this case the whole of Indonesia; 3). Perform calculations with the Shift-Share method.Keywords :PDRB; PDB; Shift-Share; Kalimantan Utara

The purpose of this research is to examine and identify the direct impact of regional financial capacity, efficiency, and autonomy on the gross regional domestic product in East Kalimantan. Analyze the immediate impact of the region's financial capacity, efficacy, and independence on poverty in East Kalimantan. Examine the direct impact of the gross regional domestic product on poverty rates in East Kalimantan. analyze and evaluate how East Kalimantan's gross regional domestic product mediates the indirect effects of a region's financial capacity, effectiveness, and independence on poverty. This study employs a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional method. Panel data were collected from ten districts and cities between 2018 and 2022 using a time series approach. Methods for gathering data through the evaluation of literary works. Data analysis using route analysis, which incorporates multiple linear regression, in the context of economic modeling. The study's findings indicate that the region's financial capabilities have a direct and considerable impact on the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in East Kalimantan. On the other hand, the impact of regional financial effectiveness on GRDP in East Kalimantan is both positive and statistically insignificant. Similarly, regional financial independence has a direct but statistically minor impact on East Kalimantan's Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The number of financial resources and the effectiveness of financial operations at the regional level have a direct and considerable impact on poverty rates in East Kalimantan. In contrast, establishing financial independence in a specific area has a big and detrimental impact on poverty in East Kalimantan. The Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) has a substantial impact on poverty levels in East Kalimantan. The competence, effectiveness, and independence of regional finances have an impact on the Gross Regional Domestic Product, which in turn affects the relationship between regional finances and poverty in East Kalimantan.

This study aims to answer how the influence of fiscal capacity, regional government spending, investment and the residents to regional gross domestic product (GDP) and fiscal capacity of regional government spending. There are seven exogenous variables, three endogenous variables analyzed use the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS), that produces simultaneous estimation equation model. The result showed fiscal capacity, regional government spending, foreign investment, domestic investment, and residents simultaneously significant to the regional GDP. The second model, the fiscal capacity of regional GDP, local taxes, and levies, simultaneously significant to fiscal capacity. The third model, regional government spending show the regional GDP, fiscal capacity, local revenue, balance funds, and residents simultaneously will not affect local government spending.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Fiscal decentralization, investment, Residents, regional gross domestic product, fiscal capacity, provinces of papua government spending.

Most of the aggregate-level analyses of the relationship between objective and subjective measures for well-being have limited themselves to the measures of national gross domestic product (GDP) and mean life satisfaction. We develop this line of research by embedding the analysis into the context of 289 NUTS (Nomenclature des Unités Territoriales Statistiques) regions in Europe and replacing the simple life satisfaction measure with measures of active human functioning. We suggest that the measures of personal and social well-being, as they are operationalized in the 6th Round of the European Social Survey (ESS) questionnaire, can be treated as subjective indicators for social and human capital and, thereby, can be associated with the regional level GDP in cross-sectional analysis. The empirical analysis shows that the indicator for ‘social trust’ appears to have a positive and significant correlation with regional GDP. The analysis also distinguishes another form of social capital; ‘social contact and support’, reflecting the relative frequency and quantity of social support, which also shows a positive relationship with regional GDP. Concerning subjective human capital, the strongest predictor for regional GDP appears to be the aggregated sense of ‘competence and meaning’ in the regions. These effects proved robust after including the objective control variables (population density, intramural research and development (R&D) expenditure, share of tertiary-educated population and employment).

This study used secondary data in the form of time series which are analyzed using Pathway analysis with multiple linear regression formula. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of investment and labor to gross regional domestic product (GRDP) and regional revenues in Balikpapan city. The results of the study was shown that Y = 0.202 - 0.098 X1 + 0.244 X2 + 0.825 X3. The results showed that investment, labor and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) have jointly effect on the regional revenues in Balikpapan city. Partially; the investment has no significant effect on gross regional domestic product (GRDP), labor has significant effect on gross regional domestic product (GRDP), gross regional domestic product (GRDP) has significant effect to regional revenues in Balikpapan city, the investment has no significant effect on regional revenues in Balikpapan city, and labor has no significant effect on regional revenues in Balikpapan city. The contribution of investment, labor and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) variable was about 93.5 % and it means that those have very strong relationship; meanwhile, the rest, about 6.5 %, has been influenced by other factors.

This study used secondary data in the form of time series which are analyzed using Pathway analysis with multiple linear regression formula. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of investment and labor to gross regional domestic product (GRDP) and regional revenues in Balikpapan city. The results of the study was shown that Y = 0.202 - 0.098 X 1 + 0.244 X 2 + 0.825 X 3 . The results showed that investment, labor and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) have jointly effect on the regional revenues in Balikpapan city. Partially; the investment has no significant effect on gross regional domestic product (GRDP), labor has significant effect on gross regional domestic product (GRDP), gross regional domestic product (GRDP) has significant effect to regional revenues in Balikpapan city, the investment has no significant effect on regional revenues in Balikpapan city, and labor has no significant effect on regional revenues in Balikpapan city. The contribution of investment, labor and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) variable was about 93.5 % and it means that those have very strong relationship; meanwhile, the rest, about 6.5 %, has been influenced by other factors. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}

Indonesia's infrastructure, especially in Sumatra, is considered inadequate to support the strength of the Indonesian economy in facing free market competition in the global era, lack of accessibility to reach remote areas so that the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) value in the region has a fairly small value. The study aims to determine the effect of road infrastructure, health facilities, educational facilities, water infrastructure, and electricity infrastructure on the level of gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in Sumatra, for the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of road length infrastructure, health facilities, educational facilities, clean water distribution and electricity partially on gross regional domestic product. This study uses a panel data model with the selected model, namely the Random Effect Model (REM). This study focuses on all provinces in Sumatra, namely 10 provinces in 2019-2023. The results of this study have a simultaneous effect where the relationship with the independent variables is Road Length Infrastructure (X1), Health Facilities (X2), Educational Facilities (X3), Clean Water Distribution (X4) and Electricity (X5) against the dependent variable, namely Gross Regional Domestic Product (Y). Then, the test results for each dependent variable on the variables of Road Length (X1), Health Facilities (X2), Education Facilities (X3), and Electricity (X5) significantly influenced Gross Regional Domestic Product (Y), while the test of Clean Water Distribution (X4) on Gross Regional Domestic Product (Y) did not have a significant effect. This is thought to be due to the uneven distribution of Clean Water Distribution facilities or infrastructure in Sumatra.

Economic growth can also be interpreted as a process of continuous change towards better conditions in a country/region. The rate of economic growth in the province of North Sumatra has increased. The increase in economic growth is indicated by the value of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the investment workforce, employment in the agricultural sector on the Gross Regional Domestic Product of North Sumatra Province. This study uses Time Series data with a time span of 2000-2020. Parameters are estimated using the 2 SLS (Two Stage Least Squares) method. Data processing using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) Program version 9.2. The results of the study explain that (1) the population of North Sumatra is increased by 10 units, it will encourage an increase in the North Sumatran Workforce by 1.84 units per year. An increase in the number of employed by 10 units will increase the labor force in the agricultural sector by 4.4 units, an increase in labor absorption by 10 units has an impact on increasing the labor force by 2.9 units per year, and if the labor force in the agricultural sector last year increased by 10 units, it will increase the labor force in the sector. agriculture by 2.0 units, (2) North Sumatra Regional minimum wage is increased by 10 units it will encourage a decrease in labor absorption by 8.0 units per year. An increase in investment in the agricultural sector by 10 units will have an impact on increasing employment by 0.031 units. An increase in the number of undergraduate education by 10 units has an impact on increasing labor absorption by 19.7 units, for last year's employment in the agricultural sector by 10 units, it will result in an increase in employment in the agricultural sector by 0.3 units, (3) If interest rates are increased by 10 units will reduce investment in the agricultural sector by 9.3197 units. An increase in inflation of 10 units has an impact on an increase in investment of 2,640,178 units per year. An increase in Gross Regional Domestic Product in the agricultural sector by 10 units will have an impact on an increase in investment in the agricultural sector by 160.58 units per year, an increase in the total number of employees working over 15 years of age by 10 units, it will have an impact on an increase in investment in the agricultural sector by 35.96 units, and an increase in investment. last year by 10 units will have an impact on increasing investment by 1.5 units. (4) local taxes are increased by 10 units, it will increase the gross regional domestic product of the agricultural sector by 203.5407 units. The increase in domestic investors by 10 units has an impact on the increase in gross regional domestic product in the agricultural sector of North Sumatra by 0.19 units per year. An increase in foreign investors by 10 units will have an impact on an increase in gross regional domestic product in the agricultural sector by 0.82 units per year. will increase the Gross Regional Domestic Product of the agricultural sector by 6.0 units.

The object of the study is the Japan's economy, which has an upward trend after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are still several challenges to ensure sustainable growth and economic development. Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) as an economic indicator measures the value of a country's total goods and services. There is controversy and different beliefs in economics as to whether or not a country's GRDP is positively affected. The objective of this research is to find out the most important variable which is responsible for economic progress (GRDP). The main problem which this paper will analyze is that sometimes it is difficult to understand about which factor is more important for economic growth in national and regional basis, gross domestic product, and gross regional domestic product, such as investment, government expenditure, employment, and wages. This paper analyzes investment; government expenditure and wage influence on gross regional domestic product (GRDP) for Japan in 2005 and find out the possible outcomes that are more responsible for the GRDP in the Japanese economy. The results show all three factors have the dominant influences during this time; however, investment is the most powerful indicator among the 47 prefectures. It means that government should give more focused-on investment rather than government expenditure, employment, and wages. In analyzing the data, a comprehensive empirical analysis is conducted using Stata to calculate the statistics on central tendency and the distribution shapes such as minimum and maximum quantiles, standard deviation, sleekness, test for mean difference, and graphical presentation.