Abstract
The high variety of ecosystem service categorisation systems, assessment frameworks, indicators, quantification methods and spatial localisation approaches allows scientists and decision makers to harness experience, data, methods and tools. On the other hand, this variety of concepts and disagreements among scientists hamper an integration of ecosystem services into contemporary environmental management and decision making. In this article, the current state of the art of ecosystem service science regarding spatial localisation, indication and quantification of multiple ecosystem service supply and demand is reviewed and discussed. Concepts and tables for regulating, provisioning and cultural ecosystem service definitions, distinguishing between ecosystem service potential supply (stocks), flows (real supply) and demands as well as related indicators for quantification are provided. Furthermore, spatial concepts of service providing units, benefitting areas, spatial relations, rivalry, spatial and temporal scales are elaborated. Finally, matrices linking CORINE land cover types to ecosystem service potentials, flows, demands and budget estimates are provided. The matrices show that ecosystem service potentials of landscapes differ from flows, especially for provisioning ecosystem services.
Highlights
The more popular the ecosystem service concept has got, the higher the demand for appropriate indication, quantification and spatial localisation methods has become (Alkemade et al 2014; Crossman et al 2013; Burkhard et al 2013)
We present and discuss different ecosystem service definitions, categorisations and indicators related to ecosystem service supply, demands, flows and their spatial localisation
Based on the comprehensive list of ecosystem function and service definitions published in Kandziora et al (2013a), we provide an updated list of ecosystem service definitions
Summary
The more popular the ecosystem service concept has got, the higher the demand for appropriate indication, quantification and spatial localisation methods has become (Alkemade et al 2014; Crossman et al 2013; Burkhard et al 2013). The integration of societal needs for goods and services enhances currently applied function-oriented landscape planning approaches and environmental management strategies. This reveals the full application potential of the ecosystem service framework (Chan et al 2012; de Groot et al 2010). Many different ecosystem service definitions, classification and categorisation systems have been developed during the last decades and are under discussion for application in decision making (Villamagna et al 2013). Comparable problems are discussed for several regulating ecosystem services such as pollination, water flow and nutrient regulation (Chapter 2.2)
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