Abstract
Rural people in the Peruvian Amazon both extract the products of intact tropical forest and convert forested land to swidden agriculture. Since the 1950s, agriculture has exceeded forest product extraction in economic importance in the region. Little incentive exists for rural populations to pursue land-use strategies with immediate returns lower than those available from swidden agriculture. Land remains relatively abundant in the region, land and resource tenure are rarely secure, and markets for non-timber forest products are less than dependable. The economics of timber extraction, swidden agriculture, and the harvesting of fruits and latexes from intact forest are examined and compared within a single village near the city of Iquitos. Our analysis indicates that rural populations in the region can be expected to continue converting forested land to swidden agriculture unless alternative land uses become more attractive economically.
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