Ecology and biochemical composition of a newly reported non-indigenous red alga, Grateloupia gibbesii, in the Mediterranean Sea, with reference to edible red seaweeds

Abstract

Data on the chemical composition of 40 edible red algal species was compared to Grateloupia gibbesii, a recently reported non-indigenous red alga in the Mediterranean Sea. There has been no information on the seasonality or the chemical composition of G. gibbesii from its areas of distribution. The species was reported in a single location in the Mediterranean Sea, a eutrophic embayment in Egypt. Grateloupia gibbesii existed in spring from late March to early June. The short life span of G. gibbesii affected its biochemical constituents. Crude lipids and total carbohydrate contents represented 12 % and 70% of its dry mass; resp. Five grams of dry G. gibbesii could provide 8.6% and 91% of the recommended dietary intake of lipids and carbohydrates. In contrast, protein and ash contents were low in comparison to other red seaweeds. The analysis of mineral content showed that Ca, Fe and Zn concentrations were high, while Cd and total As, might be at a toxic level. In Egypt, exploitation of seaweeds is still emerging; accordingly, more studies are needed to assess the application of seaweeds as a healthy and renewable alternative in the nutraceutical, cosmetics, and well-being industries.