Abstract
The phenology of the olive scale, Parlatoria oleae (Colvee), has been investigated in deciduous fruit orchards and olive groves in several regions of Israel. Two generations are raised annually in the Judean Hills, and at least 3 in the hot interior Beit-She’an Valley. The supposition of existing sibling species under the connotation of P. oleae , based on the varying number of generations reported from various countries, has been analyzed in the light of data collected in this investigation and found to be unwarranted. Four predators— Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.), Pharoscymnus pharoides Marseul (Coccinellidae), Cybocephalus sp. (Nitidulidae) and Lestodiplosis sp. (Cecidomyidae)’ were found to attack the olive scale. Four species of Aphytis (Aphelinidae) ’ A. maculicornis (Masi), A. diaspidis (Howard), A. hispanicus (Mercel), and A . near mytilaspidis (LeBaron) ’were reared from the scale. A. maculicornis was the most prevalent parasite. The role of parasitic Hymenoptera in controlling the olive scale in Israel is negligible, a fact which is to some extent attributed to a heavy spray programme in deciduous orchards, and to detrimental climatic conditions in the interior valleys.
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