Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that self-reported fast eating increases the risk of diabetes and obesity. Our aim was to evaluate the acute effect of fast eating on glycemic parameters through conducting a randomized controlled cross-over study with young healthy women. Nineteen healthy women wore a flash glucose monitoring system for 6 days. Each participant consumed identical test meals with a different eating speed of fast eating (10 min) or slow eating (20 min) on the 4th or the 5th day. The daily glycemic parameters were compared between the 2 days. The mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE; fast eating 3.67 ± 0.31 vs. slow eating 2.67 ± 0.20 mmol/L, p < 0.01), incremental glucose peak (IGP; breakfast 2.30 ± 0.19 vs. 1.71 ± 0.12 mmol/L, p < 0.01, lunch 4.06 ± 0.33 vs. 3.13 ± 0.28 mmol/L, p < 0.01, dinner 3.87 ± 0.38 vs. 2.27 ± 0.27 mmol/L, p < 0.001), and incremental area under the curve for glucose of dinner 2 h (IAUC; 256 ± 30 vs. 128 ± 18 mmol/L × min, p < 0.001) for fast eating were all significantly higher than those for slow eating. The results suggest that fast eating is associated with higher glycemic excursion in healthy women.
Highlights
It has been demonstrated that self-reported eating at a fast speed leads to weight gain [1,2], increases risk of type 2 diabetes [3,4,5], obesity [6,7], and metabolic syndrome [8,9,10] in epidemiological and cohort studies
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of different eating speeds on glycemic parameters in young healthy women with a flash glucose monitoring system (FGM, FreeStyle Libre Pro, Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan)
FGM is a new technology among continuous glucose monitoring systems that does not require regular capillary glucose sampling by finger prick like traditional continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
Summary
It has been demonstrated that self-reported eating at a fast speed leads to weight gain [1,2], increases risk of type 2 diabetes [3,4,5], obesity [6,7], and metabolic syndrome [8,9,10] in epidemiological and cohort studies. In epidemiological and retrospective reports, eating speed was entirely assessed by self-reported questionnaire, which might lead to report bias and eating speed might lack objectivity, leaving the effect of eating speed on glycemic response unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of different eating speeds on glycemic parameters in young healthy women with a flash glucose monitoring system (FGM, FreeStyle Libre Pro, Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan). The FGM sensor stores interstitial fluid glucose levels every 15 min for 14 days and was reported to be accurate and effectively replaced
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