Abstract
Earthquake geology studies the effects, the mechanics and the impacts of earthquakes in the geological environment. Its role is also to decode the fault history, therefore its approach is fault specific and its outcomes are of decisive value for seismic hazard assessment and planning. The term Earthquake geology includes aspects of modern instrumental studies, tectonics and structural geology, historical surface deformation and tectonic geomorphology, whereas paleoseismology is considered part of earthquake geology [...].
Highlights
Seismic hazard assessment is predominantly based on the instrumental and historical catalogues of seismicity
Fault specific approaches are becoming very important for seismic hazard assessment, by providing quantitative assessments through measurement of geologically recorded slip on active faults, sampling much greater periods of time and providing a more reliable estimate of hazard than the historical earthquake record [e.g., Yeats and Prentice 1996, Michetti et al 2005]
An unfavorable local setting like the presence of a deep sediment basin or geometric peculiarities may lead to an amplification of the seismic waves, resulting in extraordinary strong ground motions [Smyrou et al 2011]
Summary
Seismic hazard assessment is predominantly based on the instrumental and historical catalogues of seismicity. Fault specific approaches are becoming very important for seismic hazard assessment, by providing quantitative assessments through measurement of geologically recorded slip on active faults, sampling much greater periods of time and providing a more reliable estimate of hazard than the historical earthquake record [e.g., Yeats and Prentice 1996, Michetti et al 2005]. Geologic fault slip-rate data offer complete spatial coverage, providing higher spatial resolution than traditional seismic hazard maps based on historical/instrumental records [Boncio et al 2004, Roberts et al 2004, Pace et al 2010, Papanikolaou et al 2013].
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