Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this paper is the presentation of the settlement of the first farming communities of the Linear Pottery culture in the Polish lowlands. A case study of three neighboring micro-regions excavated on a large scale in eastern Kuyavia was conducted, which offered the possibility of analyzing various levels of the settlement. Based on the results obtained a local model of the LBK occupation in Kuyavia could be reconstructed. I argue that despite some regional variability a very general common settlement pattern existed for the whole LBK consisting of an iconic longhouse as the basic unit, the presence of micro-regional clusters of more or less contemporary sites, and the preference for regions with optimal environmental conditions. However, a detailed comparison within and between separate sites in the study area revealed some degree of variability inside this supposedly homogeneous pattern which can indicate the existence of different social units among small regional communities and their changes over time.
Highlights
The first farmers of Central Europe belonged to the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), which is broadly regarded as one of the best-studied entities of European prehistory
This paper presents three selected micro-regions from Kuyavia, which allows this discussion to be taken up again
A longhouse was a basic unit of occupation, even if there are some architectural differences between LBK regions
Summary
The first farmers of Central Europe belonged to the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), which is broadly regarded as one of the best-studied entities of European prehistory. This statement refers especially to the settlement system of these early farming communities, recognized due to abundant large-scale excavations conducted throughout Europe which revealed numerous prominent settlements. On the micro-regional scale, characteristic clusters of sites located mainly along watercourses are typical for this culture. Settlements constituting such clusters were at least partially contemporary and were connected through various ties with each other. Single settlements could be of very different size and duration of occupation, ranging from a relatively short-lived single household to large multi-generational villages, but they always consisted of iconic longhouses with their associated features
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