Early and Late Style in Williams

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the relationship between the level of work involvement and emotional attitude to work and the quality of marital relationships of partners in dual career relationships, divided into 'early career' and 'late career' relationships. In addition, the mediating role of satisfaction with one's accomplishments was assessed. The study included 184 dual career couples, where both partners pursued a professional career in a competitive labour market, often performed managerial functions and reconciled their professional roles with parental roles, where 69 were 'early career' relationships and 115 were 'late career' relationships. All subjects in the dual career marriages had higher education; the age of the respondents ranged from 28 to 43 years and all of them had at least one child. With respect to the applied research tools, the AVEM Questionnaire, the Labour-Family Matching Questionnaire, the Matching Marriage Questionnaire (KDM-2) and the Feeling of Happiness Questionnaire were used. The results show a negative impact of the level of professional and emotional work engagement on the quality of marital relations in the relationship; however, the observed trend only refers to the 'late career' relationships. Therefore, it can be concluded that the level of engagement in professional roles at the moment of entering into a relationship is an important moderating factor in these relationships. In addition, it was found that the level of self-satisfaction eliminates this negative relationship. We can say that the level of satisfaction is the mediator of the relationship between involvement in professional roles and the quality of marital relationships. The level of work engagement and emotional attitude toward work affects the quality of personal life and relationships in a couple. However, this impact can vary due to additional variables such as satisfaction with one's own accomplishments and type of relationship.

These data gathered from Monash alumni answer six questions about interest in international careers. (1) Are organisations in Australia in which Monash alumni work increasing their international focus and why?: They are, chiefly in order to grow and because of their industries' focus. They also use jobs with international responsibilities managed from Australia strategically, from necessity, and to develop staff. (2) Are there effects on alumni careers e.g. possible expatriation and undertaking jobs with international responsibilities managed from Australia? Yes. A third of alumni have domestic jobs with international work especially when >40 and in late career than early or mid-career, dealing with countries mostly in the Anglo and Far Eastern/Oriental countries, and others could be asked to take up that work. Moreover, alumni could be asked to expatriate especially when 31 to 40 than >40 and in early to mid-career, and to Anglo, Far Eastern/Oriental, and Latin European countries. (3) How willing are alumni to relocate overseas to work or to work in jobs with international responsibilities managed from Australia? Moreover, what do the latter jobs comprise? Alumni are quite willing to undertake domestic international work. They are not very willing to relocate internationally for work, less so to culturally dissimilar countries to Australia, less so when it is a more permanent international career pattern, but more so when 30 or less and in early career. (4) What factors help or hinder an interest in international careers, both as expatriation and as international jobs performed in Australia? Family hinders international work the most, especially partner reluctance and career, children's education, and time away and lost contacts, especially worst if aged 41 to 50, married and with high school children, and in mid-career than late or early career . Expecting personal development through cross-cultural experience and job challenge helps an interest in relocation overseas for work, (5) Are alumni experienced in and confident about dealing with international work? Alumni do not have much international experience but are very confident about living and working in a country with a culture different to their own. (6) What are the human resource policies the organisations of alumni are using for international work and how do they help address factors hindering an interest in it? Few human resource policies are offered for international work. Those least offered are the ones that deal with the reasons alumni are not likely to undertake international work e.g. partner employment and training and assistance with children's education. The policies offered have to do with travel and accommodation, providing strategic information, rewards/financial, and career paths.

The importance of role models, and their differing influence in early, mid- and late careers, has been identified in the process of professional development of medical doctors. There is a paucity of evidence within dentistry on role models and their attributes. To explore the views of early career dentists on positive and negative role models across key phases of professional development, together with role models' attributes and perceived influence. This is a phenomenological study collecting qualitative data through semi-structured interviews based on a topic guide. Dentists in junior (core training) hospital posts in one academic health science centre were all invited to participate. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework analysis. Twelve early career stage dentists, 10 of whom were female, reported having role models, mainly positive, in their undergraduate and early career phases. Participants defined role models' attributes in relation to three distinct domains: clinical attributes, personal qualities and teaching skills. Positive role models were described as "prioritising the patient's best interests", "delivering learner-centred teaching and training" and "exhibiting a positive personality", whilst negative role models demonstrated the converse. Early career dentists reported having largely positive dentist role models during- and post-dental school and report their impact on professional values and aspirations, learning outcomes and career choice. The findings suggest that these early career dentists in junior hospital posts have largely experienced and benefitted from positive role models, notably dentists, perceived as playing an important and creative influence promoting professionalism and shaping the career choices of early career stage dentists.

Interpretation of Hemodynamic Catheterization Data by Years of Experience: An International Survey of Cardiologists

Constructing a secure sense of a professional future has become increasingly difficult for early career researchers, whilst concerns about present and future job in/security have also been expressed in relation to already-established academics. In this paper, we draw on qualitative data from a U.K. study to explore everyday conceptualisations of the future for both ‘early career’ and ‘late career’ academics, in the context of increased fears and actualities of occupational precarity. We utilise theories of the social construction of time, as well as a conception of precarity and ‘precarization’ utilised by Butler (2009a, 2009b) and Lorey (2015), relating to ‘politically induced’ forms of insecurity that are a direct product of neoliberalism. The research reveals a variety of forms and levels of concern and anxiety by both groups for their own futures, and for the future of the academy as a whole.

Introduction: The 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease recommends adults engage in ≥ 150 minutes of moderate or ≥75 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic activity per week to reduce cardiovascular risk. Cardiologist adherence to these guidelines is unknown. Methods: Electronic surveys were sent to 437 ACC CardioSurve cardiologists, a representative sample of current ACC members. Demographic data was collected. Respondents were asked to quantify and rate intensity of exercise in an average week. Results: Between February and March 2020, a total of 189 panelists completed the survey for a response rate of 43%, of which 13% were women. There was even representation in number of years in practice: 33% early career, 27% mid-career, and 35% late career. Cardiologists across all career stages were evenly represented; 33% early career, 27% mid-career, and 35% late career. Overall only 56% of cardiologists met exercise guidelines (Figure). Less than half participated in vigorous activity (46%) with higher prevalence among mid versus early career (58% vs 38%, p=0.035). Interventional cardiologists were less likely to meet the standards for exercise intensity compared to general cardiology (44% vs. 59%, p=0.09). Early career respondents were less likely to adhere to activity recommendations (39% vs 59%, p=0.018). Those who reported vigorous activity were more likely to strength train at least twice per week (43% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Nearly half of cardiologists are not adherent to the ACC recommended guidelines for aerobic activity. The impact on cardiologists’ health was not quantified, but this study suggests there is room for improvement in prevention behaviors. Since physicians are known to serve as role models for their patients, we hypothesize lack of adherence to activity guidelines may also negatively impact our patients.

The chapter closely examines Bob Dylan's “I've Made Up My Mind to Give Myself to You” (Rough and Rowdy Ways, 2020) in order to better understand how it creates its melancholic, sentimental, melodramatic structure of feeling. The significance of this structure of feeling within Dylan's late career and the way this structure animates a dialogue with more expansive elements of American culture are also examined. The chapter begins by investigating the three strata of the track's musical texture: the lead vocal, an anchoring ensemble, and an obbligato passage (which resembles the barcarolle from Jacques Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann). Next the chapter examines the track's unique structure and use of defining recording elements (especially the construction of its sound stage). The chapter then pays close attention to the lyric's literary form, in particular the use of apostrophe. These features of the track—musical texture and structure, recording elements, and literary form—coalesce to create the track's particular structure of feeling, what we call hard-boiled melancholy. The final portion of the chapter links the track's hard-boiled melancholy to hard-boiled detective novels and films, which have been a touchstone for Dylan's late style.

One of the more unexpected literary associations is that between Philip Roth and Bruce Springsteen yet a reading of Springsteen’s 2016 autobiography, Born to Run, reveals surprising stylistic and personal connections linking the two New Jersey-born artists. It begins with a shared artistic practice and the importance of discontent, if not anger, as a catalyst for their writing. Both are also disciplined performers committed to their work who developed similar methods that enhanced their writing, whether a novel or song. The influence of fathers and their parallel attitudes toward love relationships provides another point of intersection. An additional similarity is that in their late careers, they both consider mortality, the overriding feature of Roth’s last five novels, from Exit Ghost through to Nemesis, which Springsteen’s late albums and recent Broadway show exhibit. The “late style,”associated with a more focused and in some cases minimalist method, inhabits the work of both artists: Roth moved from the energetic and elaborate method of Operation Shylock or Sabbath’s Theatre to the more restrained Everyman or Nemesis. Springsteen moved from the raucous sound of the E Street Band to solo performances and a quieter sound. Place and its recreation is another singular feature of both writers, for Springsteen Asbury Park and Freehold, NJ, for Roth, Newark, NJ. That Roth read and admired Springsteen’s autobiography enriches their connections defined in part by the emergence of a shared “Jersey Style.”

While previous research has noted the large numbers of school personnel with exposure to potentially traumatic experiences and its relation to secondary traumatic stress, it is unclear how different patterns of adverse childhood experiences influence secondary traumatic stress. As such, the present study employed latent profile analysis to examine natural groups of adverse childhood experience (ACE) history in 218 school mental health professionals (65% female; 55% White, 17.9% Black; 39% early career, 34% midcareer, and 28% late career; Mage = 32.91) and 348 teachers (80% female; 80.5% White, 6.3% Black; 16% early career, 14% midcareer, and 70% late career; Mage = 41.03) to examine the magnitude of secondary traumatic stress. The present study also examined the moderating effect of trauma-informed practice efficacy on the relationship between ACE history latent profiles and secondary traumatic stress. Four latent profiles were revealed among school personnel: (a) low ACEs, (b) average ACEs (c) neglected, and (d) high ACEs. Additionally, trauma-informed practice efficacy did not moderate the relationship between ACEs history profiles and secondary traumatic stress. Implications include targeted approaches for helping school personnel decrease secondary traumatic stress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

BackgroundPractice patterns and potential quality differences among surgical oncology fellowship graduates relative to years of independent practice have not been defined.MethodsMedicare claims were used to identify patients who underwent esophagectomy, pancreatectomy, hepatectomy, or rectal resection for cancer between 2016 and 2021. Surgical oncology fellowship graduates were identified, and the association between years of independent practice, serious complications, and 90-day mortality was examined.ResultsOverall, 11,746 cancer operations (pancreatectomy [61.2%], hepatectomy [19.5%], rectal resection [13.7%], esophagectomy [5.6%]) were performed by 676 surgical oncology fellowship graduates (females: 17.7%). The operations were performed for 4147 patients (35.3%) by early-career surgeons (1–7 years), for 4104 patients (34.9%) by mid-career surgeons (8–14 years), and for 3495 patients (29.8%) by late-career surgeons (>15 years). The patients who had surgery by early-career surgeons were treated more frequently at a Midwestern (24.9% vs. 14.2%) than at a Northeastern institution (20.6% vs. 26.9%) compared with individuals treated by late-career surgeons (p < 0.05). Surgical oncologists had comparable risk-adjusted serious complications and 90-day mortality rates irrespective of career stage (early career [13.0% and 7.2%], mid-career [12.6% and 6.3%], late career [12.8% and 6.5%], respectively; all p > 0.05). Surgeon case-specific volume independently predicted serious complications across all career stages (high vs. low volume: early career [odds ratio {OR}, 0.80; 95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.65–0.98]; mid-career [OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66–0.99]; late career [OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62–0.97]).ConclusionAmong surgical oncology fellowship graduates performing complex cancer surgery, rates of serious complications and 90-day mortality were comparable between the early-career and mid/late-career stages. Individual surgeon case-specific volume was strongly associated with postoperative outcomes irrespective of years of independent practice or career stage.

Physician Satisfaction and Burnout at Different Career Stages

In recent years, the representation of women in the working population has improved. However, despite significant efforts in both academia and industry, the construction sector is still a male-dominated industry both numerically and hierarchically. This is a global issue, and the UK is not an exception. The gender imbalance in the UK construction industry starts with construction education and worsens as women progress in their careers. That is why the concept of the “leaky pipeline” is used in the literature to describe the problem of recruitment and retention of women in the industry. To investigate the barriers contributing to the underrepresentation of women in the UK construction industry, this research systematically reviews the literature from four databases from 1993 to 2023. Industry perception, motivation, environment, skill gap, role models, well-being, organisational support, satisfaction, career development, family responsibilities, and institutionalised inequality were identified as the main barriers for women in joining and progressing in the construction sector. This paper draws upon social cognitive career theory to discuss these barriers, the identified barriers were categorised into four dimensions: contextual influence, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and goal orientation. In addition, the Super’s career development model was used to map these barriers to the leaky pipeline of women in the construction industry in four stages: exploring (pre-career), establishing (early career), mid-career, and late career. The research finds that industry perception and environment were barriers that prevented women from progressing in pre-career and early career, while family responsibilities were barriers that prevented women from progressing in mid-career and late career. The research provides an overview of the existing studies on barriers contributing to the underrepresentation of women in the construction industry. Also, this study shows that women face different barriers in their career development in the UK construction industry. This suggests that a combination of solutions should be considered to tackle the problem.

The purpose of this collective case study was to explore the self-initiated reflective practices of early and late career inservice music teachers in a variety of educational settings. This research was guided by the following questions: (a) How do music teachers in a variety of settings and career stages describe the reasons they engage in reflective practice? (b) How do early and late career music teachers describe their reflective practices and strategies? (c) What are the foci described in the reflective practices of early and late career music educators? The analysis generated categories of dispositions to improve teaching and student learning, reflective strategies and resources, and focus of reflection. The primary findings from this study suggest that music teacher participants understood the value and need to reflect for their own growth and development as teachers and for student learning. Participants articulated that they used similar processes and strategies in their reflective practices. The teachers in this study gravitated toward reflecting on student-related concerns and instruction and developed networks of reflective support. Expanding time and collaborative resources for reflection, developing guided frameworks for reflection, and supporting implementable reflective strategies to broaden thinking about practice may enhance the reflective initiatives of both early and late career music educators.

Demographics, Practice Analysis, and Geographic Distribution of Neuro-Ophthalmologists in the United States in 2023

Garvey uses the late career of James Mason to consider how questions of stardom, performance, and gender are inflected by ageing. Establishing the actor’s core screen persona as that of the ‘perverse patriarch’, he examines how this is deployed and modified in later films such as North by Northwest, against the ageless charisma of Cary Grant, and Lolita, where Mason is used to embody the exhausted values of an old Europe. Garvey shows how the actor’s combative image, both on- and off-screen, mellows from the 1960s onwards, and his performance style recedes towards minimalism. Mason’s acclaimed final roles, in Doctor Fischer of Geneva and The Shooting Party, are analysed as exemplars of his late career style.