Dysregulation of ß‐catenin, WISP1 and TCF21 predicts disease‐specific survival and primary response against radio(chemo)therapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic and predictive impact of β-catenin, TCF21 and WISP1 expression in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck who underwent primary radiotherapy or concomitant chemoradiotherapy. Prospective cohort study. University hospital. Protein expression profiles of β-catenin, TCF21, WISP1 and p16 were determined by immunohistochemical analyses in tissue samples of 59 untreated patients. Expression was correlated with different outcome parameters. Impact of TNM classification, grading, sex, age, gender, type of therapy, response to therapy and p16 status on disease-specific (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Patients with high expression of TCF21 were associated with significantly worse disease-specific survival (P=0.005). In a multivariable analysis, TCF21 was a significant determinant of disease-specific survival. (HR 3.01; P=0.036). Conversely, low expression of β-catenin (P=0.025) and WISP1 (P=0.037) revealed a better response to radiotherapy. Since data show that TCF21 is a prognostic factor for disease-specific survival and WISP1 and ß-catenin are predictive factors for clinical outcome after definitive radiotherapy, further studies are warranted to prove these preliminary but very promising findings.