Dyslipidaemia, combined oral contraceptives use and their interaction on the risk of hypertension in Chinese women

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The objective of the study was to assess the associations of dyslipidaemia, combined oral contraceptive (COC) use and their interaction on the risk of hypertension in Chinese women. In a case-control study, we evaluated 665 hypertensive women and 665 normotensive women matched on region and age in China. Hypertensive women had a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia and higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and lipoprotein a than normotensive ones (P<0.05). The risk of hypertension gradually increased with the increasing cumulative time of COC use in women (P=0.0043), especially significantly increased among those with cumulative time of COC use 15-20 and ≥20 years (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-2.15; OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.06-2.11), but gradually decreased from stopping use of COC (P<0.0001). The multiplicative interaction between dyslipidaemia and accumulative time of COC use ≥15 years, dyslipidaemia and family history of hypertension, or family history of hypertension and accumulative time of COC use ≥15 years was confirmed and the interaction analyses showed that they can significantly increased the risk of hypertension (adjusted OR=2.82, 95% CI: 1.59-3.27; OR=4.33, 95% CI: 3.10-6.06; OR=4.56, 95% CI: 3.07-6.77). It is concluded that dyslipidaemia, accumulative time of COC use ≥15 years and their interaction increased the risk of hypertension.