Dynamics over an inclined surface when entropy generation, Ohmic Heating, and Lorentz force are significant: Comparative analysis between water-copper nanofluid and water-copper-Iron(II, III) oxide hybrid nanofluid

Abstract

When thermal relaxation and radiation, entropy generation, Ohmic Heating, and Lorentz force are significant, nothing is known on a comparative analysis between the dynamics of chemically reactive water-copper nanofluid and water-copper–Iron(II, III) oxide hybrid nanofluid over an inclined surface. This report presents the governing equation for the transportation of both dynamics using the thermo-physical properties of the base fluid, copper nanoparticles, and Iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticles where the angle of inclination is and Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux was used for the thermal relaxation that occurs during the transport phenomenon. With proper similarity transformations, flow-driven equations are turned into nonlinear ODEs and then solved using the bvp4c solver. A correlation-coefficient was utilized to explore transfer rates (heat, mass) and surface drag force. Based on the outcome of the simulation, it is worthy to conclude that convection and thermal relaxation parameters may be used to improve heat transfer rates and chemical reaction has a substantial positive correlation with mass transfer rate. The volume fraction of nanoparticles has a significant negative correlation with the surface drag force, and a greater Eckert number decreases fluid temperature. Additionally, it is seen that the convection parameter increases velocity, improves entropy production,